摘要
为揭示围岩孔裂隙充水承压安全高效爆破作用机理,采用理论和试验分析方法对承压爆破过程及效果进行分析.建立了承压爆破围岩裂隙扩展模型,揭示了孔内承压水"楔入"裂隙空间后的围岩裂隙扩展规律.研究表明:围岩孔内承压水的存在对波的传播与破岩具有积极作用,钻孔狭小空间内爆轰产物与介质膨胀过程是等熵的;围岩孔裂隙充水承压爆破是孔内冲击波、应力波先导破岩及承压水后续膨胀增裂共同作用的结果;试验证实了围岩孔裂隙充水承压爆破的高效性,由于介质的湿润、降温以及稀释作用,承压爆破过程中的有害物质得到较好控制,既达到了高效能炸药爆轰作用下的安全静态破岩目的,又实现了爆炸超动载与承压水静载作用的统一.
Theoretical and experimental analyses were performed on the process and outcome of confined blasting,with the purpose of revealing the action mechanism of safe and high-efficiency blasting in surrounding rocks by virtue of fissure water.The crack propagation model was built for confined blasting in surrounding rocks.The rules of crack propagation in the surrounding rocks after the confined water in the boreholes pushed up into the fissures were analyzed.The results show that the confined water in the fissures of surrounding rocks is conducive to wave propagation and rock breaking.Products from detonation in a narrow space using a drill and blasting media expanded isentropically.In confined blasting,the shock waves and stress waves in the borehole first causes rock breaking,which is followed by expansion of the confined water that jointly contributed to crack growth.Experiment indicated that confined blasting was highly efficient in surrounding rocks by virtue of fissure water.Because of the moisturizing,temperature-decreasing and diluting effect of the blasting media,toxic substances produced in confined blasting were properly controlled.This technique not only achieved safe,static blasting of rocks through high-efficiency explosive denotation,but also realized the combination of super dynamic load of explosion and static load of confined water.
出处
《中国矿业大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期1024-1032,共9页
Journal of China University of Mining & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51604262)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20160256)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2015M581896)
江苏省博士后科研资助项目(1601212C)
关键词
承压水
波传播
裂隙水
破岩机理
煤岩预裂
裂隙扩展
confined water
wave propagation
fracture water
rock-breaking mechanism
coal and rock pre-splitting
crack extension
