摘要
目的:研究N肥、P肥及种植密度对裸花紫珠生物量、药材产量和活性成分的影响。方法:应用311-A混合最优回归设计,开展N、P及种植密度3因子组合试验,对比11个处理对裸花紫珠生物量、药材产量、活性成分含量及活性成分积累量的影响。结果:不同N、P及种植密度处理对裸花紫珠叶、枝、茎及地上部分生物量产生显著影响。3因子对有效生物量影响的大小顺序为N>P>密度。随施N量的增加,裸花紫珠药材产量显著提高。降低施P量及提高种植密度有利于提高药材产量。3因子对裸花紫珠叶片总黄酮含量影响的大小顺序为N>P>密度;对叶片总酚酸和总糖含量影响的大小顺序则为P>N>密度。低N有利于裸花紫珠叶、枝中黄酮物质的合成,低N或高P有利于总酚酸含量的提高,高N或低P有利于总糖含量的提高。11个处理中,处理4在裸花紫珠药材产量、总黄酮、总酚酸和总糖积累量上均显著高于其他处理,为最佳处理。结论:裸花紫珠药材适合的施肥与密度组合为N51.2 g/株、P_2O_5 11.8 g/株,株行距50 cm×80 cm;以单位面积换算即尿素2.76 t/hm^2、钙镁磷肥2.46 t/hm^2,种植密度25 000株/hm^2。
Objective：To study the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus fertilizers and planting density on the biomass, yield and active component of Callicarpa nudiflora. Methods ： A field experiment were carried out by conducting an optimal hybrid regression design （31 1-A） to study the effects of three factors （ nitrogen, phosphorus fertilizers and planting density ） with eleven treatments on the biomass, yield, and the content and accumulation of active component. Results：There were significant differences between eleven treatments in the biomass of leaves, branches, stems and aerial parts. The impacting order of three factors on effective biomass was ranked as nitro- gen 〉 phosphorus 〉 planting density. With the increasing rate of nitrogen, the yield of Callicarpa nudiflora improved significantly. Moreover, by decreasing the amount of phosphorus fertilizer and enhancing the planting density can increase the yield. The effect of three factors on leaves flavonoid content was ranked as nitrogen 〉 phosphorus 〉 planting density, and the effect on the content of leaves phenolic acid and polysaceharide was phosphorus 〉 nitrogen 〉 planting density. Low rate of nitrogen was beneficial to compound flavonoid in leaves and branches. Low rate of nitrogen or high phosphorus was beneficial to improve phenolic acid content. High rate of nitrogen or low phosphorus was conducive to improve the content of polysaccharide. Based on the obtained maximum yield and accumulation amount of total flavonoid, phenolic acid and polysaceharide, treatment 4 ranked the best, which was the optimal treatment. Conclusion ： The optimum combination is nitrogen 51.2 g/plant, P2 O2 11.8 g/plant, spacing is 50 cm × 80 cm, which convert to unit area is urea 2. 76 t/hm2, calcium magnesium phosphate is 2. 46 t/hm2 , planting density is 25 000 plant/hm2.
出处
《中药材》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第4期769-774,共6页
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD22B0504)
关键词
氮
磷
种植密度
总黄酮
总酚酸
总糖
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Plangting density
Totall flavonoid
Totall phenolic acid
Totall polysaccharide
