摘要
"一带一路"战略的推进助力中国企业"走出去",国家距离是对外投资区位决策的重要影响因素之一。文章综合地理、文化、经济、政治、知识、外交和与全球连接等方面的国家距离,通过相关和回归分析探讨中国与"一带一路"沿线国家距离与中国企业"走出去"区位选择的关系。发现:(1)中国企业对沿线投资设厂的区域差异较大,规模从大到小依次为:东南亚、蒙俄、西亚北非、中亚、南亚、中东欧。(2)综合的国家地缘距离与中国OFDI表现为显著的负相关。(3)除全球连接距离对中国OFDI有不显著的正向作用外,其他国家距离都表现为负向作用,其中经济和外交距离的负向作用最显著。文章认为对沿线投资应以国家距离为参考,找准投资着力点,并积极缩小地缘距离,以节约投资成本,克服投资阻力。
The promotion of the Belt and Road initiation has a profound impact on the overseas investment behavior of Chinese companies. Both the completion of overseas investment policy system and the deep promotion of multi-lateral cooperation help Chinese companies to go out. Among the factors that influence the transnational companies＇ choice on where to put their money, national distance is an important one that draws a lot of attention. This paper comprehends several national distance factors from the aspects of geographical, cultural, economic, political, knowledgeable, diplomatic and global connective, describing the spatial pattern of the national distances between China and the countries along the Belt and Road and discussing if and how these distance factors influence Chinese Companies＇ Choice of Location along the Belt and Road. First, we build a model of several distance varieties with their index to analyze what effects that these kinds of distance have on the companies＇ investment along the Belt and Road. Second, we calculate the comprehensive index value of different kinds of distance using principal component analytical method and describe their spatial pattern. Third, we build a regression equation using the indexes to examine and compare the effect of different kinds of distance. The conclusions are as follows： （1） The direct investment amount and overseas companies amount between regions along the Belt and Road vary a lot. The regions can be ordered according to the investment scale from large to small as： South East Asia, Mongolia and Russia, West Asia and North Africa, Middle Asia, South Asia, Middle and East Europe. The most important 10 countries that Chinese companies invest along the Belt and Road are： Singapore, Russia, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Laos, United Arab Emirates, Myanmar, Pakistan, India and Mongolia. （2） The comprehensive index, national geo-distance presents significant negative correlation with Chinese OFDI along the Belt and Road. （3） Except that global connective distance has a non-significant positive influence on Chinese OFDI, the other 6 distance factors have positive effect on it, and economic distance and diplomatic distance have the most significant effect. Especially, economic distance and diplomatic distance have the most significant negative influence on Chinese companies＇ choice of location. Based on the result discovered in the research, this paper proposed some suggestions. First, the investment of Chinese companies along the Belt and Road should initially focus on the countries and regions which have shorter geo-distance with China, thus they can save investment costs. Second, based on the effect of national distances, we can evaluate the investment environment of the countries and regions along the Belt and Road, then build the information platform and risk warning system for the investment of Chinese companies. Third, try to shorten the distances between China and the countries along the Belt and Road, especially diplomatic distance, taking advantage of the cooperation platforms like China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and Shanghai Cooperation Organization to conquer the barriers set by different kinds of distances and strengthen the influence of the Belt and Road.
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期99-108,共10页
Economic Geography
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(16ZDA041)
云南师范大学中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心开放课题
关键词
国家距离
一带一路
对外直接投资(OFDI)
投资区位选择
中国企业
national distance
the Belt and Road
Outward Foreign Direct Investment （OFDI）
investment location selection
Chinese companies
