摘要
随着城市化的快速发展,城市内涝和径流污染现象日益严重。本文以陕西省西安市与咸阳市建成区之间部分区域为研究对象,利用SWMM软件对研究区域建立模型,对传统开发(TD)模式与低影响开发(LID)模式下不同情景的降水事件进行模拟。结果表明:(1)LID措施对于缓解雨水管网节点的积水情况具有较好的效果,重现期较小的降雨事件中,未有积水现象出现;强度大的降雨事件中,径流量及径流污染物均能得到较好调控。(2)在不同情景下,添加LID措施后径流总量控制率提高了3.18%~15.14%,洪峰迟滞时间为5~30min。LID模式与传统开发模式相比较,SS负荷削减率提高了28.16%~38.92%;COD负荷削减率提高了25.24%~36.34%;TP负荷削减率提高了29.78%~40.02%;TN负荷削减率提高了26.57%~37.26%。LID措施能够有效调控城市暴雨径流量,削减径流污染负荷。但随着降雨重现期的增大,LID措施对于暴雨径流和污染负荷调控效果逐渐减弱。
Urban waterlogging and storm runoff pollution become increasingly serious as urbanization is rapidly developing. This paper constructs a regional stormwater model in the frame of SWMM combining a case study of a region located between Xi＇an and Xianyang in Shaanxi province, and simulates different rainfall events of the region in traditional development（TD） and low impact development（LID） modes. Results show that：（1） The LID measures are better in alleviating waterllogging at the nodes of the storm sewer system. In this mode, no waterllogging is observed in the rainfall events of short recurrence period, while stormwater runoff and its pollutants can be well controlled in heavy rainfall events.（2） In the conditions of different precipitation, these LID measures can produce an increase of 3.2%-15.1% in total runoff control rates and a delay of 5-30 minutes in flood peak time. Comparing with TD mode, the LID reduction rates in total loads of suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen are increased by 28.2%-38.9%, 25.2%-36.3%, 29.8%-40.0%, and 26.6%-37.3% respectively. The LID measures can effectively regulate urban storm runoff and reduce pollutant loads. However, with the increasing return period of design rainfalls, their runoff regulating and load reducing effects are gradually decreasing.
出处
《水力发电学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期62-72,共11页
Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering
基金
陕西省自然科学基金(2015JZ013)
国家自然科学基金(51279158)
关键词
SWMM
城市
内涝
面源污染
低影响开发
模拟
SWMM
urban
waterlogging
non-point source pollution
low impact development
simulation
