摘要
对于如何推进农业规模经营,已有研究关注于农地流转及其规模经营,普遍忽视了农业分工问题。规模经济的本质在于分工与专业化,但在主流经济学文献中,纵向分工理论与横向分工理论则是相互割裂的。本文研究表明,在要素(服务)市场开放的条件下,农业分工并不仅仅停留于农户家庭内部的自然分工。一旦农户卷入社会化分工与生产性服务外包,同样能够内生出服务规模经济性。生产性服务的市场容量是诱导农业服务主体生成的关键因素,且具有纵向分工中的交易频率与横向分工中的交易密度两个方面的含义。单纯扩大纵向分工及其交易半径将产生交易成本倍增的负效应,而通过横向专业化并引导连片种植,则能够有效扩大市场容量并促进分工深化。本文有助于增进对"斯密定理""杨格定理"及交易成本理论相互关联性的理解。
To promote the scale operation in agriculture, the existing studies usually pay attention to farmland circulation and its scale operation, and ignore the aspect of division of labor. The nature of scale economy is labor division and specialization. However, the theories of vertical and horizontal division of labor are separated from each other in the mainstream economics literature. This article finds that in an open factor （service） market, agricultural division of labor is beyond the intm-household labor division. Once farmers are involved in the social division of labor and productive service outsourcing, they can also endogenously generate service scale economy. The market capacity of productive services is a key factor to induce the creation of agricultural service subject. That engenders two implications, namely, transactional frequency in the vertical division of labor and the transactional density in the horizontal division of labor. Expanding vertical division of labor or its transactional radius independently leads to multiplication of transaction costs. But through horizontal specialization and stimulation of specialization in connected farmland, the market capacity and degree of labor division can be greatly improved. The contribution of this study is to deepen the understanding of ＂Smith theorem＂, ＂Young theorem＂ and the theory of transaction cost economics.
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第11期2-16,共15页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目"农村土地与相关要素市场培育与改革研究"(项目编号:71333004)
国家自然科学基金政策研究重点支持项目"农地确权的现实背景
政策目标及效果评价"(项目编号:71742003)的阶段性成果
关键词
服务规模经营
服务外包
纵向分工
横向分工
连片专业化
Service Scale Management
Service Outsourcing
Vertical Division of Labor
Horizontal Division of Labor
Specialization of Connected Farmland
