摘要
铸造、锻压、焊接、喷涂等各类机械加工成型过程都会使材料引入残余应力,残余应力的存在是构件失效的主要原因之一,准确测定工件的应力状态对产品质量的控制有着重要的意义。简要介绍了常用金属材料残余应力的测定原理与方法,概述了残余应力不同测试标准的适用性和局限性,重点阐述了sin^2ψ与cosα两种X射线法测定残余应力的理论和标准,并展望了残余应力测定的发展方向。
Residual stress will be induced into the materials by some machining forming processes,such as casting,forging,welding,spraying and so on.Residual stress is the major cause of the failure of components,and the accuracy measurement of stress state of the components has important significance for the control of the product quality.The principles and methods of residual stress measurement for metallic materials were introduced briefly,and the theories and standards of both sinψ^2 method and cosα method for residual stress measurement were mainly described,and the developing trend of residual stress measurement in the future was prospected.
出处
《理化检验（物理分册）》
CAS
2017年第11期771-777,共7页
Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing)
基金
上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(16DZ2290500)
关键词
残余应力
钻孔应变法
压痕应变法
超声法
X射线法
cosα方法
residual stress
hole drilling strain-gauge method
indentation strain-gage method
ultrasonic method
X-ray method
cosa method
