摘要
为了防治由灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)引起的葡萄采后灰霉病,探讨二氧化氯(ClO_2)对葡萄采后灰霉菌生长的抑制作用。本试验以葡萄采后灰霉菌为试材,在常温下(25℃)采用生长速率法和悬滴法分别测定不同浓度ClO_2溶液对致病菌菌丝生长及孢子萌发的抑制作用,并采用活体有伤接种法研究其对葡萄灰霉病的防治效果及其对葡萄相关酶活性的影响。结果表明,ClO_2溶液对葡萄采后灰霉菌具有较好的抑制作用,抑制中浓度(EC50)分别达到了67.36 mg/L和58.91 mg/L;浓度低于60 mg/L的ClO_2溶液,抑制作用随浓度的增加而加强;当浓度高于60 mg/L时,抑制作用随浓度的增加而稍有减弱,但仍高于低浓度(40 mg/L以下)处理;当ClO_2溶液浓度为60 mg/L时,培养7 d的菌丝生长和8 h孢子萌发的抑制率分别为98.89%和73.38%,其对菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制效果最好。选用40、60、80 mg/L ClO_2溶液进行活体有伤接种试验,结果显示,浓度为60 mg/L和80 mg/L的ClO_2溶液能够较好地抑制葡萄采后灰霉菌引起的霉烂,不同浓度ClO_2抑菌液处理葡萄果实能够有效地抑制POD、PPO和PAL防御酶的活性提高,使抗性增强。因此,无论对于离体还是活体有伤接种的葡萄采后灰霉病菌,适宜浓度的ClO_2均具有较好的抑菌防病效果,可作为新型绿色保鲜技术的一种潜在资源。
In order to control the grape postharvest gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea to investigate the inhibitory effect of chlorine dioxide（ClO_2） on the growth of grape postharvest gray mold, the inhibitory effects of different ClO_2 concentrations on mycelial growth and spore germination in vitro gray mold were studied by growth rate method and hanging drop slide method respectively at room temperature（25 ℃）. The control effects and related enzyme activities on the grape fruit were studied by in vivo wound inoculation method. The results showed that, ClO_2 solution had a good inhibitory effect on postharvest grape gray mold, the 50% effective inhibitory concentrations（EC50） reached67.36 mg/L and 58.91 mg/L respectively. When the ClO_2 concentration was less than 60 mg/L, the inhibitory effect was enhanced with the increase of the concentration, while when the concentration was higher than 60 mg/L, the inhibitory effect was slightly decreased with the increase of concentration, but still higher than the low concentration（40 mg/L or less）. When the ClO_2 concentration was 60 mg/L, it had the best inhibitory effect on mycelial growth and spore germination, the inhibitory rates of mycelial growth of cultured for 7 d and spore germination at 8 h were98.89% and 73.38% respectively. The in vivo wound inoculation experiments were carried out with 40, 60 and80 mg/L of ClO_2 solution. The results showed that the concentration of 60 mg/L and 80 mg/L ClO_2 solution could inhibit rotting caused by gray mold. Treatments on grape fruits with different concentrations of ClO_2 inhibitory solution could effectively inhibit the activity of defense enzyme POD, PPO and PAL, and increase resistance at the same time. Therefore, suitable concentration of ClO_2 had a better antibacterial and disease prevention effect on postharvest grape Botrytis cinerea both in vitro and in vivo, it could be used as a potential resource of new green preservation technology.
出处
《保鲜与加工》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第6期6-12,共7页
Storage and Process
基金
天津市农业科学院院长基金项目(15006)
天津市农业科学院农业部农产品贮藏保鲜重点实验室开放基金项目(KF003)
天津市自然科学基金(17JCQNJC14700)
国家葡萄产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-29-jg-1)
