摘要
为了探究麦秸、菌渣和稻壳还田对日光温室番茄品质、产量及土壤养分的影响,以金棚8号为试验材料,设7个还田处理:T1(稻壳)、T2(麦秸)、T3(菌渣)、T4(稻壳+麦秸)、T5(麦秸+菌渣)、T6(菌渣+稻壳),空白为对照(CK)。结果表明,还田处理能够显著提高番茄果实Vc含量(T5除外),其中T2和T6的Vc含量较高,分别为1.51 mg·kg^(-1)FW和1.48 mg·kg^(-1)FW。各处理组果实番茄红素含量为122.35~169.79 mg·kg^(-1)FW,较CK增加15.50%~60.29%,且处理间差异显著。果实可溶性糖含量与Vc含量的变化趋势基本一致,以T2最高,T6次之,分别较CK增加41.90%和38.10%。此外,还田可有效降低果实有机酸含量,改善果实品质,有机酸含量以T5最低,为0.25%FW;T2和T5的糖酸比分别为8.28和8.64,口感较佳。与CK相比,产量以T5最高,达106 131.97 kg·hm^(-2),其次是T6(104 065.20 kg·hm^(-2)),较CK分别增产6.51%和4.44%。土壤碱解氮、有效磷含量、速效钾含量分别为167.69~209.71、78.01~86.25和206.25~348.27 mg·kg^(-1)。综合考虑品质、产量指标,以T6较为适宜。本研究结果为设施番茄优质高产和农业废弃物科学还田提供了理论依据。
To analyze effects of wheat straw, mushroom dregs and rice husk returning on quality, yield and soil nutrients of tomato in protected house, tomato variety ‘ Jin peng 8’ was selected as the material, and seven treatments were arranged with T1 rice husk, T2 wheat straw, T3 mushroom dregs, T4 rice husk ＋ wheat straw, T5 wheat straw ＋ mushroom dregs, T6 mushroom dregs ＋ rice husk, and CK as the control. Results showed that returning significantly increased Vc contents of fruit except TS, Ve contents of T2 and T6 treatments were higher which was 1.5 1mg. kg- 1FW, 1. 48mg.kg-1FW, respectively. The content of lycopene in the treatment was 122. 35 - 169. 79mg.kg-1FW, which was 15.50% - 60. 29% higher than CK, and the difference was significant. The soluble sugar content had the similarly changing trend with Vc content, the highest soluble sugar content was T2 treatment, followed by T6 treatment, which was 41.90% and 38.10% higher than respectively. Meanwhile, returning effectively reduced the content of organic acids and improved the fruit quality, under T5 treatment, the organic acids contents was the lowest for 0. 25% FW, while the sugar acid ratio of T2 and T5 treatments were 8.28, 8.64, and taste better. Compared with CK, the yield of T5 treatments were the highest for 106131.97 kg.hm-2, followed by T6 treatment of 104065.20kg.hm-2, which were higher than CK for 6.51% and 4.44% , respectively. The contents of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and available kalium in soil were 167.69 - 209.71mg . kg-1 , 78.01 - 86. 25mg . kg-1 , 206.25 - 348.2mag . kg-1 , respectively. Considering the quality and yield, T6 treatment was more appropriate. The study provides scientific references for wheat straw, rice husk and mushroom dregs returning of protected vegetable production. The results of this study provides a theoretical basis for high quality of tomato, and the scientific returning of agricultural waste.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期2243-2249,共7页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜创新团队项目(SDAIT-05-09)
2014年山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题:设施蔬菜高效栽培的根区调控技术研究
关键词
还田
番茄
品质
产量
returning, tomato, quality, yield
