摘要
为了解坡位因素对黄土高原苹果园土壤生物学性状的影响,以陕西省淳化县坡地富士苹果园为研究对象,分析了该区不同坡位(上坡位、中坡位、下坡位)0~20、20~40、40~60 cm的果园土壤有机质、土壤酶活性和土壤微生物量碳、氮之间的差异,同时利用Biolog-ECO平板法研究了土壤微生物群落功能多样性。结果表明,该区苹果园土壤有机质含量普遍较低,且不同坡位之间存在差异,表现为下坡位>上坡位>中坡位。土壤酶、土壤微生物量在坡位间差异不显著,其中过氧化氢酶表现为下坡位>中坡位>上坡位,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶均表现为下坡位>上坡位>中坡位,微生物量碳含量表现为上坡位>下坡位>中坡位,微生物量氮含量表现为下坡位>中坡位>上坡位。不同坡位碳源平均颜色变化率(AWCD)基本趋势表现为下坡位>上坡位>中坡位,微生物多样性指数均表现为下坡位>上坡位>中坡位;主成分分析结果表明,对主成分1(PC1)和主成分2(PC2)贡献较大的碳源主要为糖类和羧酸类,下坡位土壤微生物群落稳定性优于上坡位和中坡位。综合研究结果表明,该区下坡位土壤质量较好,适宜种植苹果等经济作物。
To investigate the effects of slope positions on soil biological characteristics in apple orchards in the Loess Plateau,a field study in Fuji apple orchards in Chunhua County in Shaanxi Province was used to explore the soil organic matter content, soil enzyme activities （catalase, urease, invertase and alkaline phosphatase） and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen on different slope positions （upper slope, middle slope, lower slope） in the 0 ？2 0,20 ？40 cm and 40 ？60 cm soil layers,respect ively. Biolog - ECO technology was applied to study the metabolic funct ional diversity of microbial communities. The results showed that the soil organic matter content was generally poor and deferent in different slope positions with the order of lower slope （LS） 〉 upper slope （US） 〉 middle slope （MS） . There was no significance in soil catalase activities and microbial biomass with different slopes. Soil catalase activity was LS 〉 MS 〉 US, urease, in-vertase and alkaline phosphatase activities were in order of LS 〉 US 〉 MS, soil microbial biomass carbon content was in order of US 〉 LS 〉 MS and microbial biomass nitrogen content was in order of LS 〉 MS 〉 US. The AWCD （average well color development） of soil microbial carbon source on different slope positions was in order of LS 〉 US 〉 MS, microbial diversity indexes generally were in order of LS 〉 US 〉 MS. The results of principle component analysis （PCA） showed that carbohydrates and carboxylic acids as the carbon sources held a great contribution to the principal component 1 （PCI） and principal component 2 （PC2） . Soil microbial community stability on lower slope was superior. Finding in thisstudy highlighted that the soil quality on lower slope was better and more suitable for planting apple trees and other eco-nomic crops.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期95-101,135,共8页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
陕西省科技成果转化项目(2017CG2H-HJ-02)
杨凌示范区农业科技示范提升项目(TS-2014-40)
关键词
坡位
土壤有机质
土壤酶活性
土壤微生物量
土壤微生物群落
slope position
soil organic matter
soil enzyme activities
soil microbial biomass
soil microbial com-munity
