摘要
目的探讨妊娠期贫血发病的高危因素及其对妊娠结局的影响。方法选择2014年6月-2016年11月于西北妇女儿童医院妇产科进行产前体检的孕妇376例,发生妊娠期贫血的115例孕妇作为研究组,261例健康孕妇作为对照组。应用全自动血液分析仪检测血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)以及红细胞比容(HCT)水平,并对受试者的一般资料进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析方法确定影响妊娠期贫血发病的高危因素。同时由专业的医护人员统计分析妊娠期贫血孕妇的妊娠结局。结果 376例受检孕妇中发生妊娠期贫血的孕妇占30.59%(115/376),而健康孕妇占69.41%(261/376);依次采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析法确定文化程度、生育次数和流产次数是造成妊娠期贫血发病的危险因素,而经济水平是妊娠期贫血发病的保护因素;与健康孕妇相比,妊娠期贫血孕妇剖宫产、产后出血、妊娠期高血压、早产、低体质量儿、胎儿宫内窘迫及新生儿窒息的发生率均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论该地区孕妇妊娠期贫血的发病率较高,其中文化程度低、经济条件差、生育次数和流产次数多是造成妊娠期贫血的高危因素,有效预防妊娠期贫血能够改善妊娠结局。
Objective To explore the high- risk factors of anemia during pregnancy and the effect on pregnancy outcomes. Methods A total of 376 pregnant women receiving prenatal examination in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Northwest Women and Children＇s Hospital from June 2014 to November 2016 were selected and divided into study group （115 pregnant women with anemia dur- ing pregnancy） and control group （ 261 healthy pregnant women） . Fully automatic blood analyzer was used to detect the levels of hemoglobin （Hb）, red blood cells （RBC）, and hematoerit （Hct） . The general information of the pregnant women was surveyed by a question- naire. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the high-risk factors of anemia during pregnancy. The pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with anemia during pregnancy were analyzed by professional doctors and nurses. Results The incidence rate of anemia during pregnancy was 30. 59% （ 115/376 ）, the healthy pregnant women accounted for 69. 41% （261/376） . Uni- variate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that educational level, parity and times of abortion were the risk factors of anemia during pregnancy ; economic level was the protective factor of anemia during pregnancy. Cesarean section rate, the incidence rates of postpartum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, preterm birth, low birth weight, fetal intrauterine distress, and neo- natal asphyxia in pregnant women with anemia during pregnancy were statistically significantly higher than those in healthy pregnant women （P〈0. 05 ） . Conclusion The incidence rate of anemia during pregnancy among pregnant women in this region is high. Low educational level, poor economic level, delivery and abortion for many times were high-risk factors of anemia during pregnancy, effective prevention of anemia during pregnancy can improve pregnancy outcomes.
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2017年第23期5827-5830,共4页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
基金
陕西省卫计委科研项目(08B06)
关键词
妊娠期
贫血
高危因素
妊娠结局
Pregnancy
Anemia
High-risk factor
Pregnancy outcome
