摘要
以紫米稻品种粮田紫1号为材料,研究不同施氮量(120、150kg/hm^2)与无机有机肥配施比例(100%:0、50%:50%、25%:75%、0:100%)对紫米稻产量形成特性与稻米品质的影响。结果表明:(1)随施氮量增加,紫米稻分蘖增加、成穗率提高、叶面积增大、物质积累增多,产量显著提高,相同施氮量条件下以无机肥:有机肥50%:50%处理产量最高,25%:75%处理其次,0:100%处理产量最低;(2)适当施氮与有机肥可提高紫米稻糙米率和精米率,以无机肥:有机肥0:100%处理提高效果最好,50%:50%处理其次;(3)紫米稻稻米直链淀粉含量随施氮量增大与有机肥比例提高而降低。蛋白质含量因施氮而显著提高,且随有机肥比例提高呈先增后降趋势,无机肥:有机肥25%:75%处理最高,50%:50%处理其次。施氮显著提高紫米稻维生素B1含量,配施有机肥也有一定提升效果,但差异不显著。(4)100%无机肥处理对紫米稻稻米Se、Zn含量没有明显影响,但可显著提高紫米稻稻米Fe含量;而配施有机肥对提高紫米稻稻米Se、Zn和Fe含量效果显著,且一般随有机肥配施比例提高而提高。可见,本试验条件下,施氮量150kg/hm^2、有机肥配施比例为50%~75%有利于紫米稻的高产优质。
The purple rice variety Liangtianzi No. 1 was used as the material to study the effects of different nitrogen rate （120kg/hm2, 150kg/hm2） and the proportion of inorganic and organic fertilizers （100% ： 0, 50% ： 50%, 25% ： 75%, 0 ： 100%） on the yield formation characteristics and rice quality of purple rice. The results showed that： （1） With the increment of nitrogen applicatin rate, tillers, spike rate, leaf area and dry matter accumulation were increased, and the yield was increased significantly. At the same time, under the same nitrogen rate, yield of 50%：50% treatment was the highest, the next was 25% ： 75% treatment, and yield of 0 ： 100% treatment was the lowest. （2） Nitrogen application and organic fertilizer could improve the brown rice rate and milled rice rate of purple rice, and the improving effect of 0：100% treatment was the best, and 50%：50% treatment was the next. （3） The amylose content in purple rice grain was decreased with the increment of nitrogen application rate and proportion of organic fertilizer. The protein content was increased significantly after application of nitrogen, and which showed the trend of increased firstly and then decreased with the increment of proportion of organic fertilizer, and protein content of purple rice in 25% ： 75% treatment was the highest, and followed by 50% ： 50% treatment. Nitrogen application significantly increased the content of vitamin B 1 in purple rice, organic fertilizer also had certain promotion effect, while the difference was not significant. （4） Effects of the application of pure inorganic fertilizer on content of Se, Zn and Fe of purple rice were not clear, while the improving effect of organic fertilizer on content of Se, Zn and Fe of purple rice was significant, and which was increased with the increment of proportion of organic fertilizer. Therefore, in this study, the nitrogen rate 150kg/hm2 and proportion of organic fertilizer 50%-75% were advantageous to high yield and quality of purple rice.
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第6期147-153,共7页
Crops
基金
农业部行业计划项目(201503123-05)
国家重点研发计划"粮食丰产增效科技创新"重点专项(2017YFD0301500)
湖南省重金属污染耕地修复及农作物种植结构调整试点项目(2016年)
关键词
紫米稻
无机有机肥配施比例
产量形成
米质
Purple rice
Proportion of inorganic and organic fertilizer
Yield formation
Rice quality
