摘要
试验旨在探究低鱼粉饲料中添加微囊氨基酸和蛋白酶对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、营养物质利用、消化酶活性的影响。试验设计5组等氮等能饲料:鱼粉含量20%的正对照组、鱼粉含量15%的负对照组(豆粕等蛋白替代鱼粉)、在负对照饲料中分别添加微囊赖氨酸(500 mg/kg)、蛋氨酸(900 mg/kg)(达到正对照饲料一致水平),175 mg/kg蛋白酶,微囊赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和175 mg/kg蛋白酶,饲喂初始体质量为(2.96±0.02)g的凡纳滨对虾6周。结果表明:正对照组具有最大增重率和最低饲料系数,而负对照组的增重率最低,饲料系数最高;在负对照饲料中补充氨基酸、蛋白酶后,有提高增重率和降低饲料系数趋势(P>0.05);同时补充氨基酸和蛋白酶后,虾体增重率提高11.5%,饲料系数降低0.18(P<0.05),显著提高了蛋白质沉积率、干物质和粗蛋白消化率。全虾水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量,虾体粗脂肪沉积率和肝胰腺淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性在各组均无显著差异(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,在含15%鱼粉的饲料中单独补充900 mg/kg微囊蛋氨酸、500 mg/kg微囊赖氨酸或175 mg/kg蛋白酶,对凡纳滨对虾生长的改善不显著,联合添加微囊氨基酸和蛋白酶可显著提高虾体生长性能和营养物质利用率。
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of coated amino acids and exogenous protease supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth,nutrient utilization and digestive enzyme activities of white shrimp（Litopenaeus vannamei）.A high fish meal diet（containing 20% fish meal） and a low fish meal diet（containing 15% fish meal） were designed as the positive and negative control diets respectively,and coated lysine（500 mg/kg）,coated methionine（900 mg/kg）（CAA） and 175 mg/kg exogenous protease were supplemented in negative diet solely or combinedly to form another three experimental diets.The five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were fed to white shrimp with an initial body weight of 2.96 g for 42 days.The positive group showed the highest weight gain（WG） and the lowest feed conversion ratio（FCR）,and the negative group had the lowest WG and the highest FCR among all groups.The supplementation of coated amino acids or protease tended to improve WR,and decrease FCR（P〉0.05） when compared to the negative control.The combined supplementation of coated amino acids and protease improved WR by 11.5%,decreased FCR by 0.18（P〈0.05）,and significantly promoted protein retention and digestibility of dry matter and crude protein（P〈0.05）.There were no significant differences in moisture,crude protein,crude lipid and ash contents of whole body among groups（P〉0.05）,and all groups showed no significant differences in lipid retention and activities of lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas（P〉0.05）.The above results showed that the supplementation of 500 mg/kg coated lysine,900 mg/kg coated methionine or 175 mg/kg protease in a low fish meal diet（15% fish meal） did not significantly influence the growth,but the combined supplementation of coated amino acids and protease significantly improved the growth and nutrients utilization of white shrimp.
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期880-887,共8页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
国际合作项目(D-8006-13-0025)
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
微囊氨基酸
蛋白酶
生长
营养物质利用
消化酶活性
white shrimp
coated amino acids
protease
growth performance
nutrient utilization
digestive enzyme activities
