摘要
世界竹荚鱼的产量2010年后有所下降,需加强竹荚鱼渔场乃至后备渔场的研究。根据2012年1—8月、2013年12月—2014年6月、2015年1—8月中国大型拖网渔船在大西洋中部海域佛得角海岸的竹荚鱼渔捞日志资料以及遥感获取的海洋环境数据,利用渔获量重心法数理统计、广义加性模型(generalized additive models,GAM)等方法,对该海域中层拖网平均CPUE的月变化、中心渔场的时空变动、CPUE与各影响因子(叶绿素a浓度、海表温度、经度、纬度)的关系进行分析。结果表明:2013年12月—2014年6月、2015年1—8月的渔场平均CPUE的月变化较为类似,2012年1—8月较前二者存在较大差异。月平均CPUE在不同年份变化趋势差异较大。各年份渔场产量重心均在4或5月份达到渔场最南端,在4或5月份以前月份,渔场产量重心基本由北向南移动;在4或5月份以后月份,渔场产量重心由南向北移动。GAM模型分析竹荚鱼CPUE与海洋环境因子(叶绿素a浓度、海表温度、经度、纬度)发现,最适SST区间为19.5~21℃,最适叶绿素a浓度区间为5.473~6.685 mg/m3,经度集中在16°30′W附近,纬度集中在18°N位置附近。SST在CPUE上的回归极显著(P<0.01),纬度在CPUE上的回归显著(P<0.05),叶绿素a浓度和经度在CPUE上的回归不显著(P>0.05)。本渔场作为开发竹荚鱼的单鱼种渔场有待商榷。
The output of horse mackerel in the world has declined since 2010. So, the research on fishing grounds of horse mackerel and reserve fishery should be strengthened. In this study, the yield data of horsemackerel and marine environmental data obtained by remote sensing in the sea area of Cape Verde coast inCentral Atlantic from January to August in 2012, from December 2013 to June 2014 and from January toAugust in 2015 were used. The monthly changes of average catch per unit effort（CPUE）, spatial-temporalchange of central fishing ground, as well as the correlations of CPUE with environmental factors includingconcentration of chlorophyll a, sea surface temperature（SST）, longitude and latitude were analyzed by using production-centroid method, statistical interpolation, and generalized additive model（GAM）. The resultsshowed that the monthly change of average CPUE from December 2013 to June 2014 was similar to those fromJanuary to August in 2015, both of which showed large difference to that from January to August in 2012. Themonthly change of average CPUE varied largely in different years. The center of fishery production in each yearreached the southernmost tip of the fishing ground in April or May. Before April or May, the center basicallymoved from north to south; and after April or May, the center moved from south to north. GAM analysis showedthat the optimum SST was 19.5-21℃, the optimum concentration of chlorophyll a was 5.473-6.685 mg/m3, theoptimum longitude concentrated near 16° 30’W and the latitude concentrated near 18° N. CPUE exhibitedinsignificant correlations with concentration of chlorophyll a and longitude（P〉0.05）; extremely significantcorrelation with SST（P〈0.01）; and significant correlation with latitude（P〈0.05）. In conclusion, taking thisfishing ground only for horse mackerel needs further studies.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第31期153-159,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
远洋捕捞技术与渔业新资源开发项目"大洋性渔业捕捞技术与新资源开发"(2013BAD13B05)
关键词
佛得角海岸
单位捕捞努力量渔获量
中心渔场
影响因子
时空变化
Cape Verde coast
catch per unit effort
central fishing ground
influencing factors
spatialtemporal change
