摘要
目的分析武汉市某辖区人群高血压患病率及发病的危险因素,为辖区人群高血压的健康干预提供方向。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法抽取辖区内18~75岁人群共3 054人,采取问卷调查、人体测量、实验室检查等方法,计算高血压患病率及各年龄组相对危险度,并采取单因素和多因素分析计算各因素的比值比(OR值)。结果武汉市18岁以上人群男性高血压患病率为31.34%,女性高血压患病率为23.94%,总体患病率为27.87%。37~42岁、43~48岁和总体年龄组不同性别间差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05),相对危险度(RR)分别为1.48、1.35、1.31。年龄在31~66岁的人群高血压发病风险逐渐增加。年龄、性别、运动情况、高盐饮食、过量饮酒、既往疾病史、高血压遗传史、吸烟情况、情绪紧张及失眠均和高血压发病存在关联,除年龄因素外,高盐饮食、向心性肥胖、高血脂的OR值居前三位,分别为2.93、2.64、2.42。结论提示要降低辖区高血压的患病率,应从低盐饮食、加强运动、适量饮酒、低脂饮食、戒烟、改善精神状况等方面着手开展社区健康教育。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in one district of Wuhan City, so as to provide the direction of the health intervention for the prevention and control of hypertension. Methods By using the stratified random sampling method, 3 054 people aged between 18 and 75 years were surveyed. The subjects completed the standard questionnaires, biochemical tests and physical examinations. The hypertension prevalence and associated risk factors of each age group were calculated, and the single factor analysis and multi-factor analysis were performed to obtain the odds ratios of each factor. Results The prevalence of hypertension in the population was 27.87% （male 31.34% and female 23.94%）. There was a statistically significant difference between the age groups of 37- 42, 43-48, and the total age group （P 〈 0.05）, and the relative risks （RR） were 1.48, 1.35 and 1.31, respectively.The onset risk was gradually increased in the group aged between 31 and 66. The factors associated with the hypertension included the age, sex, exercise, high-salt diet, excessive drinking, past diseases, family history of hypertension, smoking, and emotional stress. The leading three risk factors were （exclusion of the age） the high-salt diet （OR=2.93）, central obesity （OR=2.64）, and dyslipidemia （OR=2.42）. Conclusion To reduce the prevalence of hypertension, we should promote the health education project in the communities, including the low- salt diet, exercise, moderate drinking, low fat diet, quit smoking and improve mental status.
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2017年第11期1118-1122,共5页
China Tropical Medicine
关键词
高血压
患病率
危险因素
健康教育
hypertension
prevalence
risk factor
health education
