摘要
目的了解2013-2015年宁波市腹泻患者中轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)和诺如病毒(norovirus,NV)的感染情况和流行趋势。方法 2013-2015年(以5~10月为主)采集宁波市10家医院(儿童医院3家,综合性医院7家)门诊就诊的食源性腹泻患者样本2 129份(与病原菌监测共用)。采用实时荧光定量PCR法,对2 129例腹泻患者按不同年龄分组检测RV和NV型别。结果检出RV和NV核酸阳性165份,总阳性率为7.75%,其中RV阳性率为2.44%,NV阳性率为5.31%;2013-2015年连续检测显示RV阳性率呈逐年下降趋势,NV阳性率呈波动趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.46,P=0.000);<5岁组患者感染率高于>18岁组人群,两者差异有统计学意义(χ~2=120.60,P<0.05);RV和NV感染高发季节分别在11~12月和11月至次年的3月,具有季节性。结论 RV和NV在流行特征上有许多相似点,首先是全年各月份均可检出,以秋冬季为感染高峰,NV感染高峰更长;其次均感染<5岁年龄组人群(P<0.05),重症时危及生命。3年检测提示NV已成为病毒性腹泻的主要病原。宁波市处于随时有引起暴发疫情的可能性,应引起关注,加强检测,以减少疾病的流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus（RV）and norovirus（NV）diarrhea in Ningbo from 2013 to 2015. Methods A total of 2 129 fecal samples were collected from outpatients with food-borne diarrhea in 10 hospitals（3 children hospitals and 7 general hospitals）.Real-time PCR was used for the detection of RV and NV. Results The overall positive rate was 7.75% with 2.44%for RV and 5.31%for NV.The positive rate of NV showed a steady down-ward trend from 2013 to 2015 with statistically significant difference（χ~2= 23.46,P=0.000）, while the positive rate of RV went up and down.Meanwhile,the infection rates of RV and NV were significantly higher among children of under 5 years compared with those aged above 18（χ~2=120.60,P〈0.05）.The peak seasons of RV and NV were from November to December and from November to March. Conclusions The epidemiological features of RV and NV are similar in terms of seasonal infection,infected age group and life-threatening with serious infection.The study shows that NV might be the major pathogen causing diarrhea.There is a potential risk for outbreak of rotavirus and norovirus diarrhea,thus more attention should be paid and disease surveillance should be strengthened.
作者
蔡颖
谢蕾
徐景野
CAI Ying;XIE Lei;XU Jing-ye(Jiangbei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2017年第11期836-839,共4页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
宁波市社会发展重大(重点)项目(2013C51014)
关键词
腹泻监测
轮状病毒
诺如病毒
消长观察
流行分析
Viral diarrhea surveillance
Rotavirus
Norovirus
Observation of growth and decline
Epidemiological feature
