摘要
目的探讨2006-2015年西安市5岁以下儿童意外伤害死亡的发生强度、变化趋势、主要死因及其流行病学分布情况。方法分析调查对象意外伤害死亡数据的人群、时间、空间特征、死亡原因及就诊情况等,计算相关的率、构成比等。结果西安市5岁以下儿童总死亡率近10年下降了38.66%,但意外伤害死亡率和占比却一直稳居全市儿童死亡的前5位,成为影响儿童死亡的重要原因。死亡年龄以1~4岁为主(61.11%),原因依次为意外窒息、交通意外、溺水、跌落、一氧化碳中毒等。死亡年龄≥1岁以交通意外为最多,占39.39%,<1岁的以意外窒息为最多(占65.08%)。意外伤害死亡儿童多数(占59.81%)未来得及就诊,72.41%的儿童死亡在家、出事地点或途中。结论意外伤害是西安市5岁以下儿童的主要死因,尤其是1~4岁儿童的首位死因,原因以意外窒息和交通意外为主。防制策略以预防为主,安全意识技能双提高。一是安全喂养护理;二是建设安全环境;加强幼儿的安全防范;三是养成安全习惯,四是普及急救知识。
Objective To explore the prevalence,change trend,main causes,and epidemiological distribution of accident death of children under 5 years old in Xi＆#39;an from 2006 to 2015.Methods The population,time,spatial characteristics,causes of death,and treatment of accident death of children were analyzed,the related rate and composition ratio were calculated.Results The total mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Xi＆#39;an city decreased nearly 38.66% in the past 10 years,but mortality rate and proportion of accidental injury ranked the top five causes of child death,accidental injury was the main influencing factors of child death.Death age concentrated in the 1-4 years old （61.11%）,the main causes were accidental asphyxia,traffic accidents,drowning,falling,and carbon monoxide poisoning.Among the children with death age ≥ one year,traffic accident （39.39%） was the main reason of child death;among the children with death age〈one year,accidental asphyxia （65.08%） was the main reason of child death.Most children （59.81%） had no time to see a doctor when accidental injury occurred,72.41% of the children died at home,the scene or on the way.Conclusion Accidental injury is one of the main causes of death among children under 5 years old and the first cause of death among children aged 1-4 years old in Xi＆#39;an city,accidental asphyxia and traffic accidents are the main types.Prevention is the main countermeasure,security awareness and skills should be improved,including safe feeding care,construction of a safe environment,enhancement of safety protection,cultivation of safety habits,and popularization of first aid knowledge.
作者
柳林
韩铁丽
杨武悦
臧宝彩
马国燕
魏皎洁
相晓妹
LIU Lin;HAN Tie-Li;YANG Wu-Yue;et al(Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, Hu＇nan 421001, China)
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2017年第24期6263-6266,共4页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
基金
陕西省科技厅社会发展科技攻关计划项目(2016SF-205)
关键词
儿童
意外伤害
死亡
Child
Accidental injury
Death
