摘要
运用自主设计的生物质燃烧系统,对水稻、小麦、大豆、玉米、花生和油菜6种农作物秸秆采用不同燃烧状态(阴燃和明燃)进行实验室模拟燃烧,分析PM_(2.5)的排放因子及其碳质组分和水溶性离子之间的差异.研究结果表明,不同燃烧状态对秸秆PM_(2.5)的排放因子、碳质组分和水溶性离子的排放均具有显著影响.不同农作物秸秆PM_(2.5)排放因子范围在阴燃和明燃时分别是11.45~23.84 g·kg^(-1)和4.51~12.15 g·kg^(-1).有机碳(OC)、元素碳(EC)的排放因子范围阴燃时分别是5.03~11.04 g·kg^(-1)和0.94~2.70 g·kg^(-1),明燃时分别是1.55~6.02 g·kg^(-1)·kg^(-1)和1.04~2.11 g·kg^(-1),阴明燃具有显著差异且阴燃高于明燃.此外,OC/EC、OC/PM_(2.5)和EC/PM_(2.5)在不同燃烧状态均具有显著差别,可作为区分阴明燃的指标.PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子的主要组分阴燃时为K+(1.011 g·kg^(-1))、Cl^-(0.712 g·kg^(-1))、F^-(0.182 g·kg^(-1)g)和SO_4^(2-)(0.166 g·kg^(-1)),明燃时为K+(0.457 g·kg^(-1))、Cl^-(0.271 g·kg^(-1))、SO_4^(2-)(0.086 g·kg^(-1))和F^-(0.048 g·kg^(-1)),且阴燃条件更有利于离子的排放.此外,水溶性离子的相关性也因燃烧状态的不同而有较大的差异.
The impacts of different burning status（smoldering and flaming） of six crop straws,including rice,wheat,soybeans,corn,and rape on emission factors,carbon components and water-soluble ion of particulate matters（PM（2.5）） were analyzed using self-design equipment for biomass burning.The results showed that emission factors from smoldering stage were significantly higher than flaming stage.The range of emission factors of PM（2.5） from different crop straws during smoldering and flaming conditions were 11.45-23.84 g·kg^-1 and 4.51-12.15 g·kg^-1,respectively.The emission factors of organic carbon（OC） and element carbon（EC） during smoldering ranged from 5.03-11.04 g·kg^-1 to 4.51-12.15 g·kg^-1,respectively.While the corresponding values ranged from 1.55-6.02 g·kg^-1 to 1.04-2.11 g·kg^-1 during flaming,respectively.The ratios of emission factors,OC/EC,OC/PM（2.5） and EC/PM（2.5）,varied significantly between smoldering and flaming stages,which can be used to distinguish the different burning status.The main components of water-soluble ion in PM（2.5） during smoldering were K^＋（1.011 g·kg^-1）,Cl^-（0.712 g·kg^-1）,F^-（0.182 g·kg^-1） and SO4^2-（0.166 g·kg^-1）.The corresponding values during flaming stage were K^＋（0.457 g·kg^-1）,Cl^-（0.271 g·kg^-1）,SO4^2-（0.086 g·kg^-1） and F^-（0.048 g·kg^-1）.Inaddition,the correlation between water-soluble ions varied with different combustion status.
出处
《环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期92-100,共9页
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.31400552)
福建农林大学杰出青年基金(No.xjq201613)
福建农林大学国际科技合作与交流(No.KXB16008A)~~
