摘要
目的 探讨院前急救护士的职业应激、不确定性忍受力与职业倦怠的关系.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法抽取380名院前急救护士为调查对象,采用职业倦怠量表[MBI,包括情绪枯竭（EE）、去人格化倾向（D）和低成就感（PA）]、不确定性忍受力量表（IUS）、护士工作应激源量表[NSS,包括与护士期望值有关的应激（NSS1）、与家庭有关的应激（NSS2）、与人际关系有关的应激（NSS3）、与工作性质有关的应激（NSS4）、与患者有关的应激（NSS5）、与工作负荷有关的应激（NSS6）]测评.结果 工龄小于3年的院前急救护士EE[（33.58±4.34）分,（22.33±4.05）分,（21.50± 4.36）分,P〈0.05]、PA得分[（26.98±4.31）分,（16.14±4.28）分,（16.81±4.36）分,P〈0.05]大于工龄3~10年或10年以上人员;护士EE[（33.82±4.28）分,（22.96±4.39）分,（21.04±4.62）分,P〈0.05]、PA得分[（27.02±4.21）分,（16.04±4.31）分,（16.01±4.30）分,P〈0.05]大于护师或以上人员;月收入小于0.3万人员PA得分大于月收入0.3万或以上人员[（26.75±4.24）,（16.47±4.27）,（17.11±4.34）, P〈0.05];学历本科或以上人员PA得分大于专科或以下人员[（26.33±4.36）,（17.24±4.28）,P〈0.05）].回归分析显示,IUS与NSS1得分相乘交互作用项与EE、D得分相乘交互效应成立（β=0.33、0.33,均P〈0.05）;IUS与NSS5得分相乘交互作用项与EE、D得分相乘交互效应成立（β=0.31、0.30,均 P〈0.05）;IUS与NSS3得分相乘交互作用项与D得分乘交互效应成立（β=0.34,P〈0.05）.结论 院前急救护士的职业倦怠因工龄、职称、受教育程度、工资而异,受职业应激和不确定性忍受力协同影响.
Objective To investigate the correlation between occupational stress,uncertain endur-ance and job burnout of pre-hospital emergency nurses. Methods A total of 380 pre-hospital emergency nurses were recruited by stratified cluster sampling method.The occupational burnout scale（MBI）including emotional exhaustion（EE）,depersonalization（D）and diminished personal accomplishment（PA）,the In-tolerance of Uncertainty Scale（IUS）,the Nursing Stressor Scale（NSS）including stresses associated with nurse expectations（NSS1）,with family（NSS2）,with interpersonal relationship（NSS3）,with nature of work （NSS4）,with patient（NSS5）and with work load（NSS6）were applied for all subjects.Results The pre-hospital emergency nurses who had worked less than 3 years got the higher EE score（33.58 ± 4.34）and higher PA score（26.98±4.31）than those who had worked 3 to 10 year（22.33±4.05,16.14±4.28,P〈0.05） or longer than 10 years（21.50±4.36,16.81±4.36,P〈0.05）.Nurses got higher EE score（33.82±4.28,22.96 ±4.39,21.04±4.62,P〈0.05）,and higher PA scores（27.02±4.21,16.04±4.31,16.01±4.30,P〈0.05）than the nurse practitioner or above levels.People whose monthly income were below 0.3 million got higher PA scores than those whose monthly income were 0.3 million or more（26.75±4.24,16.47±4.27,17.11±4.34,P〈0.05）.People who got degrees of bachelor or above had PA scores which was more than people who got de-grees under bachelor（26.33±4.36,17.24±4.28,P〈0.05）.Regression analysis showed that the multiplication score between IUS and NSS1 had the interaction effect with EE and D scores（β=0.33,0.33,P〈0.05）; the multiplication score between IUS and NSS5 had the interaction effect with EE and D scores（β=0.31,0.30, P〈0.05）and the multiplication score between IUS and NSS3 had the interaction effect with D scores（β=0.34,P〈0.05）.Conclusion The pre-hospital emergency nurses＇job burnout varies according to their length of service,job title,educational level and salary,and is also influenced by the combination of occupational stress and uncertain endurance.
出处
《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第12期1132-1136,共5页
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
基金
河南省卫生计生委卫生政策研究计划项目（YWZY201423）
