摘要
目的了解并分析养老机构老年人衰弱现状,为干预研究提供依据。方法采用便利抽样方法选取四川省成都市4所福利院的237例老年人为调查对象,通过横断面调查,采用Fried衰弱表型评估老年人的衰弱状况,采用一般情况调查表收集一般资料,采用Barthel指数问卷、老年抑郁量表、画钟试验、微型营养评定法简版评估老年人的日常生活能力、抑郁状况、认知能力、营养状况。结果调查对象的衰弱发生率为55.69%,非衰弱者占44.31%,其中握力低(207例,87.3%),步行速度慢(172例,72.6%),躯体活动量低(131例,55.3%)是发生最多的3个衰弱指标。退休前职业、吸烟、饮酒、运动锻炼、患慢性病情况、服药情况、急性事件发生情况、健康自评状况、使用步行辅助工具、日常生活能力、抑郁、认知能力及营养状况方面存在差异的养老机构老年人衰弱状况不同,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论养老机构老年人衰弱现状不容乐观,医护人员应关注养老机构老年人衰弱问题,及时采取干预策略,以预防衰弱发生或延缓衰弱进程。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors associated with frailty among institu- tional older adults and to provide evidence for intervention study. Methods A total of 237 older adults living in four welfare homes from Chengdn in Sichuan Province were recruited by convenience sampling. A cross-sectional survey was conducted,and frailty was assessed by the frailty phenotype;general information was collected by self- made general information questionnaire;functional capacity was assessed by Barthel questionnaire;depressive status was assessed by GDS-15;cognitive function was assessed by clock drawing test and nutritional status was assessed by short form mini nutritional scale questionnaire （MNA-SF）. Results The reported rate of frailty was 55.69% among institutional older adults,and 44.31% reported no frailty;grip weakness （207,87.3%）,slow walking speed （172,72.6%） and low physical activity（131,55.3%） were the main frailty problems. Univariate analysis showed that the elderly＇ frailty conditions were different in the pre-retirement occupations,smoking, alcohol consuruption,physical exercise, chronic diseases, medication, acute events （last year）, self-reported health, using assisted walking devices, ability of daily life ,depression, cognitive ability and nutritional status,and the differences were statistically signifi- cant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The status of frailty is not optimistic among institutional older adults and ninny factors are associated with frailty, tleahheare providers should pay more attention to the frailty issue and take timely inter- vention strategies to prevent or delay the frailty.
出处
《中华护理杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期88-93,共6页
Chinese Journal of Nursing
关键词
衰弱
养老机构
老年人
分析
Frailty
Homes for the Aged
Aged
Analysis
