摘要
或然证一般列在主证之后,症状前标有明显的"或"字;类或然证也是疾病主证之外可能出现的病证,未列在主证之后,而是在方证后加减里体现,症状前无"或"字。这些病证与主证在病机上构成了一个相互关联的整体,也存在着内在的必然联系。主证作为疾病的特有症状,反映了疾病的主要病变原因并决定着方证治法的确立,或然证及类或然证反映了疾病发展演变过程中或疾病发展进退的某一阶段中可能出现的症状,决定着主方用药的加减化裁,体现了中医辨证论治的主要特点,同时也提示了辨证与辨病相结合的临床诊疗模式。从《伤寒论》七个或然证及类或然证可以看出,病有主证,证有主方,方有主药,药随证减,药随证加。同一症状在不同的方证中加减的药物有同有异;同一味药加在不同方证不同症状中有同有异;同一方证中加减同一味药寓意有同有异。仲景立方有是证而用是药,所谓"观其脉证,知犯何逆,随证治之",对于每一个或然症状仲景都有其独到的用药经验,分析这些用药规律,对于更好地理解辨证论治的原则有着很现实的临床意义。
Probable syndrome is usually listed after the main syndrome, and marked with obvious ＂ probable＂ befi^re the symp- toms. Probable-like syndrome is also the one which may appear besides the main syndrome, not listed ＇after the main syndrome,but appears ＇after the modified formula syndrome without ＂probable＂ before the symptoms. These syndromes and main syndromes con- stitute an interrelated whole on the pathogenesis,and there is an inherent relationship between them. The main syndrome as lbe specific symptoms of the disease reflects the main cause of disease and decides the establishment of prescription treatment, while probable syndrome and probable-like syndrome reflects possible symptoms during the stage of the development and ew）lution nf＂ disease or disease condition of certain period,and decides the drug-use modification of nmin fi^rmula,not only embodies the nmin features of TCM diagnosis and treatment,but also indicates that the clinical pattern of syndrome differentiation combined with dis- ease differentiation. According to seven probable syndromes and probable-like syndromes in Treatise on Coht Damage Diseases,A disease has the main syndrome,the syndrome has the main tormula, the formula has the main medicines which ate reduced or add- ed with the changes of the syndromes. The same symptoms in different drug prescriptions have the same and different dnJgs in ad- dition and subtraction. The same drug has the same and different dosages in different formulas ｜br different symptoms. In the same formu｜a syndrome,the modification of the same drug has a different meaning. Zhang Zhong-jing uses drugs based on syndrome by observing the patient＇ s pulse anti syndrome and judges the pathogenic factors. For each probable syndrome,he has his own unique drug-use experience. An analysis of these drug-use laws is of great practical significance for us to better understand the p,ineiple of syndrome differentiation and treatment.
出处
《河南中医》
2018年第1期1-4,共4页
Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
辽宁省高等学校科学研究一般项目基础研究(编号:L2014369)
关键词
或然证
类或然证
《伤寒论》
张仲景
probable syndrome
probable-like syndrome
Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases
Zhang Zhong-jiug
