摘要
干旱半干旱区生态环境脆弱,对气候变化及人为扰动极为敏感。对其土壤微生物空间分布格局及驱动因素的研究,有利于理解干旱半干旱环境下土壤微生物多样性产生及维持的机制,对维持干旱半干旱区陆地生态系统的生产力及稳定性具有重要意义。文章综述了近10年来干旱半干旱区土壤微生物空间分布格局的研究进展。在实际观察到的干旱半干旱区土壤微生物呈非随机分布而具有空间分布格局的基础上,发现降水、植被等环境因素及地理距离均会影响干旱半干旱区土壤微生物的空间分布格局,两者的相对重要性具有尺度效应。最新的研究应用中性理论及生态位理论研究干旱半干旱区土壤微生物空间分布格局的形成机制,指出干旱半干旱环境下,不同的生境形成机制不同,是中性理论或生态位理论单独作用的结果。为了加深理解干旱半干旱区土壤微生物的空间分布格局,建议今后的研究中:(1)关注真菌及古菌的空间分布格局;(2)扩大研究的空间尺度;(3)进一步研究干旱半干旱区土壤微生物空间分布格局形成机制的生境依赖性;(4)研究干旱半干旱区土壤微生物与植物群落空间分布格局的耦合关系。
Arid and semi-arid regions occupy about 41% of the total land surface on earth, which are highly sensitive to climatic change and anthropogenic disturbances. Studying the spatial patterns and drivers of soil microbial communities in arid and semi-arid regions gives rise to understanding the mechanisms that generate and maintain biodiversity in such regions, which is thus key to the maintenance of ecosystem productivity and stability. Here, this paper provides an overview of the published literature concerning the spatial patterns of soil microbial communities in arid and semi-arid regions. On the basis of the observed nonrandom spatial patterns of soil microbial communities in arid and semi-arid regions, an analysis of results of recent studies indicates that both geographic distances and environmental factors such as precipitation, vegetation effect the spatial patterns. And the relative importance of geographic distances and environmental factors is scale-dependent. Neutral theory and niche theory were applied to unveil the mechanisms shaping the spatial patterns in the latest research, showing that the underlying mechanisms are habitat-specific in arid and semi-arid regions. Based on the above analyses, future perspectives of this study are provided and highlighted： （1） Studying the spatial patterns of archaeal and fungal communities; （2） Conducting broader scale surveys; （3） Further exploring the mechanisms shaping the spatial patterns of soil microbial communities; And （4） studying the coupling between the distribution patterns of soil microbial communities and that of plant communities.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期191-198,共8页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500903)
