摘要
目的:为临床儿科口服用药的合理应用提供依据。方法:选取2015年1月-2016年12月我院儿科门诊收治的1 070例呼吸系统疾病患儿的口服用药处方,对药物类别、使用频率、用药合理性及处方规范性等方面情况进行回顾性分析。结果:1 070例患儿中,0~1岁和2~5岁年龄段分别占26.45%和37.76%,占比较高;主要疾病类型方面扁桃体炎和支气管炎分别占48.60%和15.42%,占比较高。抗菌药物、中成药(止咳平喘药)、辅助用药等几类药使用频率较高,分别为51.78%、27.85%、28.79%;在抗菌药物中,青霉素类+β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和第二代头孢菌素类使用频率较高,分别为43.74%和40.84%。用药合理率为92.15%,用药不合理率为7.85%;用药不合理表现为药物数量偏多(2.34%)、药物剂量偏大(2.06%)、药物剂型不合理(2.24%)和抗菌药物使用不合理(5.05%)。处方规范率为91.31%,处方不规范率为8.69%;处方不规范均表现为药物处方书写不规范。结论:统计时段内我院儿科门诊的呼吸系统疾病患儿常用的口服用药为抗菌药物、中成药(止咳平喘药)及辅助用药,且第二代头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用频率最高;用药合理性及处方规范性总体较好,但在药物数量、剂型、剂量及抗菌药物使用等方面仍存在不合理之处,且药物处方书写不规范的问题仍然存在。
OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for rational use of oral drugs in pediatrics department. METHODS： The prescriptions of oral medication for 1 070 children with respiratory diseases selected from pediatrics outpatient department of our hospital during Jan. 2015-Dec. 2016 were analyzed retrospectively in terms of drug category, use frequency, the rationality of drug use and prescription standardization, etc. RESULTS： Among 1 070 children, 0-1 and 2-5 years of age accounted for 26.45% and 37.76%, taking up the highest proportion. Among main types of disease, tonsillitis and bronchitis accounted for 48.60% and 15.42%, taking up the highest proportion. The frequencies of antibiotics, Chinese patent medicines （medicines for the treatment of cough and asthma） and adjuvant drugs were in high level, being 51.78%, 27.85%, 28.79%. Among antibiotics, the frequencies of penicillins＋fl-lactamase inhibitor and second-generation cephalosporins were in high level, being 43.74%, 40.84%. The rate of rational drug use was 92.51%, and that of irrational drug use was 7.85%. Irrational drug use manifested as excessive number of drugs （2.34%）, excessive large dose （2.06%）, irrational dosage form （2.24%） and irrational antibiotics use （5.05%）. The rate of standard prescription was 91.31% , and the rate of nonstandard prescription was 8.69%. Nonstandard prescription manifested as nonstandard prescription writing. CONCLUSIONS： In the statistical period, common oral drugs for the children with respiratory system disease in the pediatrics outpatient department of our hospital are antibiotics, Chinese patent medicines （medicines for the treatment of cough and asthma） and adjuvant drugs. The rationality of drug use and prescription standardization are generally good; but there are still some irrationality in the number of drugs, dosage form, dose and the use of antibiotics; prescription writing problems still exist.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第2期191-193,共3页
China Pharmacy
关键词
儿科
呼吸系统疾病
口服用药
分析
Pediatrics
Respiratory diseases
Oral medication
Analysis
