摘要
本试验旨在探讨大豆浓缩蛋白质(SPC)替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼生长性能、饲料利用、血清生化指标、全鱼和肌肉常规营养成分、消化酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响。试验设计6组等氮等脂饲料,SPC替代鱼粉水平分别为0、10%、20%、30%、40%和60%。选用初始体重为(2.17±0.02)g的黄颡鱼幼鱼540尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复(养殖桶)放养30尾黄颡鱼幼鱼,进行为期8周的投喂试验。结果表明:1)随着SPC替代鱼粉水平的升高,黄颡鱼成活率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率、肥满度、脏体比、肠脂比均无显著变化(P>0.05);当饲料中SPC替代鱼粉水平不超过20%时,增重率和特定生长率无显著变化(P>0.05),而当替代水平提高到30%以上时,这2个指标均显著降低(P<0.05)。2)SPC替代鱼粉水平对黄颡鱼全鱼干物质、粗蛋白质和灰分,肌肉干物质、粗蛋白质含量的影响不显著(P>0.05);然而,当SPC替代鱼粉水平从10%升高至20%和30%时,全鱼粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05),当SPC替代鱼粉水平从10%升高至20%以上时,肌肉灰分含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)SPC替代鱼粉水平对血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇含量及谷丙转氨酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05);血清葡萄糖含量在SPC替代鱼粉水平为30%时达到最大值;随SPC替代鱼粉水平的升高,血清谷丙转氨酶活性总体呈上升趋势,总胆固醇含量总体呈现下降的趋势。4)肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性与过氧化物酶活性在SPC替代30%组达到最大值,肝脏丙二醛含量达到最小值,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。5)各组间胃蛋白酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05);SPC替代鱼粉水平对胃淀粉酶、前肠淀粉酶及肝脏淀粉酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05),当SPC替代鱼粉水平为10%时,胃淀粉酶活性达到最大值,前肠淀粉酶活性为最小值,肝脏淀粉酶活性在SPC替代鱼粉水平为40%时为到最小值。本试验结果表明,SPC替代20%鱼粉(饲料中SPC的添加量为10.72%)对黄颡鱼生长性能以及消化酶、抗氧化酶活性等无不良影响。
This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of fish meal replacement with soybean protein concentrate（ SPC） on growth performance,feed utilization,digestive enzyme and antioxidant enzyme activities of yellow catfish,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipid diets were formulated to contain different levels of SPC replacing fish meal,which were 0,10%,20%,30%,40% and 60%,respectively. A total of 540 juvenile yellow catfish with an initial body weight of（ 2.17±0.02） g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 yellow catfish for each replicate（ breeding bucket）. The trial lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed as follows： 1） with the increase of replacement level of fish meal with SPC,survival rate,feed efficiency（ FE）,protein efficiency ratio（ PER）,condition factor（ CF）,intraperitoneal fat ratio（ IPE） and viscerosomtic index（ VSI） of yellow catfish were not significantly changed（ P0.05）. When replacement level of fish meal with SPC was less than 20%,weight gain rate（ WGR） and specific growth rate（ SGR） were not significantly changed（ P0.05）,while when the replacement level was more than 30%,the above two indicators were significantly decreased（ P0.05）. 2） Replacement level of fish meal with SPC had no significant effects on dry matter,crude protein and ash contents in whole body,and dry matter,crude protein and crude lipid contents in muscle（ P0.05）. When replacement level of fish meal with SPC increased from 10% to 20% and 30%,crude lipid content in whole body was significantly decreased（ P0.05）; when replacement level of fish meal with SPC increased from 10% to more than 20%,ash content in muscle was significantly decreased（ P0.05）. 3） Replacement level of fish meal with SPC had significant effects on serum glucose（ GLU）,total cholesterol（ TC） contents and aminotransferase（ ALT） activity（ P 0. 05）. Serum GLU content was the highest when replacement level of fish meal with SPC was 30%; with the increase of replacement level of fish meal with SPC,serum ALT activity showed increasing tendency,and serum TC content showed decreasing tendency. 4） Serum superoxide dismutase activity（ SOD） and catalase（ CAT） activities reached the highest when replacement level of fish meal with SPC was 30%,and malondialdehyde（ MDA）content reached the lowest,which was significantly from those in control group（ P0.05）. 5） There was no significant difference in pepsin（ PEP） activity among groups（ P0.05）; replacement level of fish meal with SPC had significant effect on amylase activity in stomach,foregut and liver（ P0.05）; when replacement level of fish meal with SPC was 10%,amylase activity in stomach reached the highest,and amylase activity in foregut reached the lowest; when replacement level of fish meal with SPC was 40%,amylase activity in liver reached the lowest. The present study indicate that fish meal replacement with 20% SPC（ dietary SPC supplemental level is 10.72%） has no bad effects on growth performance,digestive enzyme and antioxidant enzyme activities.
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期375-386,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31272670)
宁波市农业科技攻关重大项目(2012C10025)
国家科技部星火重大计划项目(2014GA701001)
浙江省重中之重一级学科(水产)开放基金
关键词
黄颡鱼
大豆浓缩蛋白质
生长性能
饲料利用
酶活性
yellow catfish （ Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ）
soybean protein concentrate
growth performance
feed utilization
enzyme activity
