摘要
黑河流域自2000年实施水资源统一调度以来,土地利用发生了显著变化。利用2000年、2011年两期TM和ETM+遥感影像,解译获取了干流中下游地区土地利用变化数据,并基于GIS空间分析与数理统计方法进行了定量分析。运用区域生态环境质量指数和区域土地利用变化类型生态贡献率,对研究时段内土地利用变化的生态环境效应进行了分析与评价。结果表明:(1)2000—2011年流域土地利用变化主要表现为耕地、建设用地、水体增加,未利用地减少;(2)中游地区土地利用变化主要发生在山丹县的马营河灌区和张掖绿洲的边缘区域,下游地区土地利用变化主要发生在沿河区域、额济纳核心绿洲区和古日乃地区的边缘区域;(3)中游地区2000年、2011年的区域生态环境质量指数分别为0.190 8、0.196 0,下游地区分别为0.047 8、0.055 6;(4)局部地区生态环境呈恶化趋势,其中草地退化及围水造田对区域土地利用/覆被变化产生的影响最为明显。
Since year 2000,an integrated allocation scheme of Heihe River water resources has been put into practice and the land use has been changed significantly. Landsat TM and ETM+ images in year 2000 and 2011 were interpretated to obtain the land use change data and the variation characteristics of land use was quantitatively analyzed based on GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics method. The effects of eco-environmental caused by land use transformation were assessed by calculating the regional eco-environmental quality indices and the contribution proportions of land use transformation types. The results show that a) the areas of cropland,forest,construction land and water are increased while the area of unused land decreases from 2000 to 2011; b) the land use transformation in the middle reaches of the main river mostly occurs in Maying River irrigation area in Shandan County and the edge area of Zhangye oasis,and the land transformation in the lower reaches of the river most occurs along the river,core area of Ejina oasis and the edge area of Gurinai region; c) the regional eco-environmental quality index in the middle reaches of the river increases from 0.1908 in 2000 to 0.1960 in 2011,and in the lower reaches of the river increases from 0.0478 in 2000 to 0.0556 in 2011; d) the local ecological environment presents a negative evolution,and the most profound factors to influence the regional land use/cover change are grassland degradation and enclosing water to make cropland.
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第2期57-62,共6页
Yellow River
基金
水利部公益性行业科研专项(201401031)
关键词
生态环境质量指数
驱动力
土地覆被
黑河中下游
eco-environmental quality index
driving force
land cover
Middle and Lower Heihe River
