摘要
莫高窟是世界文化遗产地和全国重点文物保护单位,日益增加的由游客产生的固体废弃物给莫高窟及我国其他世界文化遗产地保护提出了新课题。2007年选取莫高窟景区典型垃圾桶,对废弃物进行实地抽样调查,了解莫高窟旅游废物数量和物理组分现状。根据莫高窟环保部门10年间垃圾清运数量,统计并得出莫高窟旅游固体废物与游客人数的相关关系,建立固体废物发展趋势预测模型。莫高窟气候干燥,降水量稀少,蒸发强烈,适于建造基于蒸发蒸腾盖层的准好氧卫生填埋场。从蒸发蒸腾盖层原理出发,论文提出了毛细屏障盖层的设计建议。通过室内击实试验,确定了莫高窟澄板土(粉土)的最大干密度为1.885g/cm3,最优含水率为12.2%;通过室内非饱和导水率试验结果 ,拟合出了澄板土含水率及非饱和导水率与吸力水头的关系,试验研究成果可供处理莫高窟固体废物的卫生填埋场底部衬里设计参考。
The waste produced by the increasing number of visitors at the Mogao Grottoes has become a new problem for the maintenance of this World Cultural Heritage site. Fortunately, the garbage cans in the tourist areas were selected in 2007 precisely to measure waste composition for the purpose of designing more ef- ficient sanitary systems. Based on the waste collection data of the past 10 years from the Dunhuang Academy, a prediction model has been found predicting future waste levels with respect to visitor number. The area of this site is suitable for a semi-aerobic landfill with evapotranspiration （ET） cover due to rare rainfall and very strong evaporation. Based on the principle of ET cover, a primary design plan for a capillary cover has been pro- posed as well. Compaction tests indicate that the local Dengban soil （a kind of silted soil） has a maximum dry density of 1.885g/cm3 and anoptimum water content of 12.2%. In addition, unsaturated permeability tests have been conducted to establish a correlation between water content and unsaturated permeability withinthe suctionwater conservancy head. These research results are useful for designing the base of the proposed sanitary landfill at the Mogao Grottoes.
出处
《敦煌研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期85-90,共6页
Dunhuang Research
基金
兰州大学2006年君政基金项目(主持人:王璐)的一部分
