摘要
表观遗传即在不改变DNA序列的情况下,产生基因表达变化并遗传给下一代,其包括组蛋白修饰、DNA甲基化、非编码RNA以及染色质重塑等途径。蛋白质乙酰化是指在乙酰基转移酶的作用下,在蛋白质赖氨酸残基上添加乙酰基的过程;DNA甲基化是指在DNA甲基化转移酶(DNMTs)的催化下,S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM)为甲基供体将甲基转移至DNA碱基上的一种表观遗传修饰方法;而mi RNA是通过与靶细胞m RNA的3'-UTR碱基互补配对,引起靶细胞m RNA降解或者抑制其翻译而对基因进行转录后的表达调控。自身免疫应答过分强烈导致相应的组织器官损伤及功能障碍所引起的疾病称为自身免疫病,在皮肤科诊疗临床中常见的自身免疫性皮肤疾病有系统性硬皮病、系统性红斑狼疮及白癜风等。为进一步揭示表观遗传在自身免疫性疾病中所起到的作用,本文将从表观遗传学的机制方面总结有关自身免疫性皮肤疾病的发病机制,综述如下。
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function viahistone modification, DNA methylation, noncoding RNA and chromatin remodeling etc., without changing the DNA sequence.Histone acetylation refers to the process adding acetyl groups on the protein lysine residues via acetyl transferase, while DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification method using the S-adenosine methionine（SAM）as methyl donor transferred to the DNA bases under catalysis of the DNA methylation transferase（DNMTs）. The miRNA regulates gene expression bycomplementary bases pairing with mRNA 3＇- UTR, leading to mRNA degradation or inhibition of its translation in target cells.Autoimmune disease is a disease caused by the immuneresponse to its own antigens, resulting in its autologous tissue damage and functional alterations. There are many autoimmune dermatoses, including systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and vitiligo.To further understand the role of epigenetic in autoimmune diseases,we will summarize the pathogenesis of autoimmune skin diseases in the aspect of epigenetic mechanisms.
出处
《中国皮肤性病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期341-345,共5页
The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology
基金
国家自然科学基金(81573991)
天津市卫生和计划生育委员会中医中西医结合科研课题(2015002)
