摘要
本试验通过评估凡纳滨对虾的生长性能、消化指标和非特异性免疫指标,来研究家禽副产物酶解肽作为蛋白质源替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中部分鱼粉的可行性。以预混家禽副产物酶解肽(在家禽副产物酶解肽基础上添加包膜蛋氨酸,使其蛋氨酸含量与国产鱼粉相当)分别替代基础饲料中0(对照)、2%、4%、6%、8%的鱼粉,共制成5种试验饲料。选取900尾平均体重(0.31±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复60尾,进行为期8周的室内养殖试验。结果表明:家禽副产物酶解肽替代鱼粉水平为2%~6%时,对虾的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、饲料系数与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。家禽副产物酶解肽替代鱼粉水平超过2%时,全虾粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),全虾粗灰分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。家禽副产物酶解肽替代鱼粉水平为2%时,肝胰腺中脂肪酶活性最高,并可显著降低血浆中葡萄糖和甘油三酯的含量(P<0.05),显著提高血浆中溶菌酶的活性(P<0.05)。家禽副产物酶解肽替代鱼粉水平超过2%时,血浆中过氧化物酶的活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各组粗蛋白质表观消化率、粗脂肪表观消化率以及肝胰腺中溶菌酶、过氧化物酶活性与总抗氧化能力均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此得出,在本试验条件下,以生长性能为基础,综合考虑消化、非特异性免疫等指标,家禽副产物酶解肽替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中鱼粉的适宜水平为2%。
In this study, we evaluated the growth performance, digestive indices and non-specific immune indi- ces of Litopenaeus vannamei to study the feasibility of peptides hydrolyzed from poultry by-products （PHFP） as a protein source for partial replacement of fish meal （FM） in the diet of Litopenaeus vannamei. Five experi- mental diets were prepared to replace 0 （control）, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% FM of basal diet by premixed PHFP （ adding coated methionine in the PHFP to reach methionine content in line with domestic FM）, respectively. A total of 900 Litopenaeus vannamei with the average body weight of （0.31__.0.01） g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 60 shrimps per replicate. The indoor feeding experiment lasted for 6 weeks. The results showed as follows： PHFP could replace 2% to 6% of FM without causing a significant re- duction in the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio of shrimps （P〉O.05）. Compared with the control group, the crude fat content of whole body was significantly decreased （P〈0.05） and the ash content of whole body was significantly increased （P〈0.05） when the re- placement level of FM with PHFP was over 2%. When the replacement level of FM with PHFP was 2%, the li- pase （LPS） activity in hepatopancreas was highest among the groups, while the contents of glucose （GLU） and triglycerides （TG） in plasma were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） and the activity of lysozyme （LZM） in plasma was significantly increased compared with control group （P〈0.05）. When the replacement level of FM with PHFP was over 2%, the peroxidase （POD） activity in plasma was significantly decreased compared with control group （P〈0.05）. There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of crude pro- tein and crude fat, the activity of LZM, POD and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） in hepatopancreas （P〉 0.05）. It follows that in this experiment condition, based on the growth performance and took into account di- gestive indices and non-specific immune indices, optimal replacement level of FM with PHFP in the diet for Litopenaeus vannamei is 2%.
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期797-806,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
河北农业大学人才振兴学科计划
