摘要
目的建立临床实验室生化免疫自动审核系统,以提高检验报告核发效率和保证检测结果的准确性。方法参照美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)AUTO-10A指南流程框架和ISO15189:2012认可准则要求,制定自动审核规则,以自动化流水线中间体软件为核心,整合实验室自动化系统(LAS)各功能模块和实验室信息系统(LIS)系列硬件、软件和医院信息系统(HIS),搭建生化免疫检验结果自动审核系统。共设定临床信息判断规则(CS)、标本状态判断规则(SS)、室内质控判断规则(QS)、仪器状态判断规则(IS)、结果及范围判断规则(NS)、差异判断规则(DS)、逻辑判断规则(LS)等7大类审核规则,自动审核系统运算法则的设计运用的数据要素全面涵盖分析前、中、后整个检验过程,分析自动审核系统使用前后各质量指标的改变。收集2015年8月至2016年4月366 180份常规化学标本和160 119份化学发光标本用于自动审核规则的验证,收集2016年5月至2017年1月自动审核与2014年5月至2015年1月人工审核同期相比,对自动审核系统的实施效果进行评价,评价其有效性。结果生化免疫自动审核系统的建立和验证从2015年8月至2016年4月历经9个月,366 180份常规化学标本4 496 425项测试项目,自动审核通过率从53.4%提高到87.0%,通过率最高的项目是GLU,通过率为98.3%,通过率最低的项目是CKMB,通过率为63.6%,报告审核的平均TAT从46.3 min至3.7 min,缩短97.7%。160 119份化学发光标本410 040项测试项目,自动审核通过率从40.2%提高到89.0%,通过率最高的项目是C肽(C-P),通过率为98.4%,通过率最低的项目是抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(A-TPO),通过率为58.7%。报告审核的平均TAT从14.6 min至3.3 min,TAT缩短77.4%。2015年10月至2016年4月6个月的验证期间,自动审核与人工审核符合率为100%。2016年5月至2017年1月自动审核与2014年5月至2015年1月人工审核同期相比,人员未增加,常规化学项目工作量增长了46.4 %,实验室内TAT中位数从118 min至83 min,缩短41.9%;化学发光项目工作量增长了24.5%,实验室内TAT中位数从131 min至86 min,缩短52.4%,未通过自动审核触发的规则及比例分别为NS 88.2%、SS 6.05%、DS 2.40%、LS 2.00、IS 0.97%、CS 0.43%;通过Aptio各模块检测并筛选出黄疸、脂血、溶血等血清指数异常和标识不当、标本量少等不合格标本的比例分别为7.13‰、5.39‰、2.20‰、0.17‰、0.15‰;常规化学报告不正确率从0.003 4‰(7/264 910)下降至0.000‰(0/387 828),化学发光报告不正确率从0.022‰(3/137 006)下降至0.000‰(0/170 713);危急值通报及时率从68.5%升至100%,危急值标本实验室内TAT中位数从112 min降至86.5 min,缩短29.5%,危急值报告确认TAT中位数从15.5 min降至2 min;员工满意度提高从85%上升至100%,人力减少1.5人。结论借助生化免疫自动化流水线中间体建立生化免疫自动审核系统,可以对检验分析过程进行全程质量控制,保证检测结果准确性及有效提高工作效率,缩短TAT、减少差错率、均衡员工技术差异、降低审核工作压力、人力减少、提高了危急值报告的准确及报时率,保证患者生命安全,降低医疗风险。
ObjectiveTo improve the efficiency of result reporting and ensure the accuracy of the results by establishing autoverification system in Clinical Chemistry and Immunology Laboratory.MethodsThe study followed the requirements of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) AUTO-10A and ISO 15189: 2012. In addition, seven categories of verification rules were encoded using the autoverification function of the CentraLink? Data Management System on the Aptio? Automation platform. These rules included Clinical Diagnostic Standard (CS), Sample Status (SS), Quality Control Severity (QS), Instrument Error Flags Severity (IS), Normal Severity (NS), Delta Check Severity (DS), and Logical Assessment Standard (LS). Various modules of Aptio Automation, laboratory information system(LIS) and hospital information system(HIS) were integrated using the CentraLink system to establish the autoverification system.ResultsThe autoverification system was set up and tested from August 2015 to April 2016. In total, the system ran 4 496 425 tests on 366 180 chemistry specimens. The overall autoverification rate for tests performed increased from 53.4% to 87.0%.Glucose had the highest rate (98.3%) while CKMB had the lowest rate (63.6%). Average TAT for result verification decreased by 97.7%, from 46.3 minutes to 3.7 minutes. The system ran 410, 040 tests on 160 119 chemiluminescence specimens. The autoverification rate for tests performed increased from 40.2% to 89%. C-P had the highest rate (98.4%) while A-TPO had the lowest rate (58.7%). Average TAT for result verification decreased by 77.4%, from 14.6 minutes to 3.3 minutes. From May 2016 to January 2017 (when autoverification was employed), compared with the same period in 2014 (when manual verification was employed), the following changes were observed with no increase in staff capacity: a) Volume of routine chemistry tests increased by 46.4%, and median TAT for tests decreased by 41.9%, from 118 minutes to 83 minutes; b)Volume of chemiluminescence tests increased by 24.5%and median median TAT for tests decreased by 52.4%, from 131 minutes to 86 minutes; c) Median TAT for critical values decreased by 50.5%; d) Rates of tests that did not go through autoverification were 88.2% for NS, 6.05% for SS, 2.40% for DS, 2.00% for LS, 0.97% for IS, and 0.43% for CS; e) Rates of abnormal specimen status identified by Aptio Automation were 7.13‰ for jaundice, 5.39‰ for blood lipids, 2.20‰ for hemolysis, 0.17‰ for barcode error, and 0.15‰ for insufficiency; f) Error rate decreased to 0.00%; and g) staff satisfaction increased from 85% to 100%.ConclusionAutoverification of results by using the CentraLink Data Management System can achieve quality control over the entire process of clinical laboratory testing, ensure accuracy of test results, improve work efficiency, decrease TAT, minimize the error rate, avoid skill variation of staff, reduce the pressure of performing manual verification, and improve medical security
出处
《中华检验医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期141-148,共8页
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
关键词
自动化
实验室
免疫测定
临床实验室信息系统
Automation, laboratory
Immunoassay
Clinical laboratory information systems