摘要
我国学界素有研究者称民族自治地方的自治条例为该地的"小宪法",这一观念可能对实践中处理自治州自治条例和该州地方性法规的关系产生影响。考虑到民族自治地方自治条例在我国法律体系中的位置,以及现有自治条例的内容,自治州自治条例对当地的地方性法规并无概括的凌驾性。民族自治地方自治条例虽然具有综合性,但实质上是该民族自治地方自治机关的组织法和执行职务的办法。在"城乡建设与管理、环境保护、历史文化保护等方面事项"上,州自治条例如没有向全国人大常委会备案"变通",则应当适用州地方性法规的规定。在实施成文宪法的单一制国家,宪法渊源的范围不宜随意扩大。称自治条例为某民族自治地方的"小宪法"并无妥当的法律意义。
In some eyes of Chinese legal scholars, the metaphor of ‘ mini-constitution＇ applies for ethnic minority prefectures＇ autonomous statutes. Such idea may impose adverse influences on the relationship between the autonomous statutes and local regulations of the same autonomous prefecture. In light of the sta- tus of autonomous statutes in China＇ s legal system and their content, the autonomous statute is not superior to any local regulation enacted by the prefecture＇ s legislature. Although an autonomous statute is compre- hensive, it in reality is organization law of autonomous authorities and the measure on exercising their pow- ers and functions. In the areas of ＇ urban and rural construction and management, environmental protection, preservation of historical and cultural heritage, ＇ the concerned local regulation applies so long as there is no filing of ‘ adaptation＇ submitted by the prefecture to the Standing Committee of People＇ s National Congress in regard to an existing autonomous statute. In a unitary state with codified Constitution, it is not suitable to casually expand the scope of constitutional sources. It will get unnecessary legal confusion should an autono- mous statute be canonized as a ‘mini-constitution. ＇
出处
《政治与法律》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期29-38,共10页
Political Science and Law
关键词
自治条例
自治州
设区的市
地方性法规
单一制
Autonomous Statute, Autonomous Prefecture, City with Districts, Local Regulation, Unitary State
