摘要
目的分析2011—2015年重庆市襄渝铁路民兵的矽肺病患病情况,为我市尘肺病防治政策的制定提供科学依据。方法以2011年1月1日—2015年12月31日重庆市所有襄渝铁路民兵就诊数据建立数据库,采用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计描述和分析。结果 2011—2015年间,重庆市职业病诊断机构共接诊襄渝铁路民兵11 137例,确诊矽肺病6 872例,其中壹期4 627例,贰期1 864例,叁期381例,病例集中在渝西南至渝东北沿线地区;2011—2015年襄渝铁路民兵矽肺病例数呈逐年下降趋势;主掘进工种的矽肺病检出率最高,不同工种矽肺病检出率的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=142.013,P<0.05);矽肺病患者诊断年龄以60~64岁为主(占43.68%),不同期别矽肺病患者诊断年龄的差异有统计学意义(F=9.800,P<0.05);襄渝铁路矽肺病患者的接尘工龄短,工龄中位数为3年。结论重庆市襄渝铁路民兵矽肺病患病情况较为严重,应加强对襄渝铁路退伍民兵的职业健康监护,给予这部分人群救济补助,提高他们职业健康意识,建立良好的生活习惯,提高生存质量。
[Objective]To analyze the prevalence status of silicosis among Xiangyang-Chongqing railway construction workers in Chongqing from 2011-2015,provide scientific basis for developing the prevention and control policy of pneumoconiosis.[Methods]The database of Xiangyang-Chongqing railway construction workers cases from 2011 to 2015 were subjected to systematic arrangement. SPSS 18.0 was adopted for statistical description and analysis.[Results] From 2011 to 2015,Chongqing occupational disease diagnosis institutions received 11 137 cases of Xiangyang-Chongqing railway construction workers,and a total of 6 872 new cases of silicosis were diagnosed,including 4 627 cases of stage Ⅰ,1 864 cases of stage Ⅱ,and 381 cases of stageⅢ. The cases were concentrated in the area along the southwest to northeast of Chongqing. From 2011 to 2015,the number of silicosis cases decreased year by year. The detection rate of silicosis was the highest among tunnelling workers. Significant differ-ence was found in detection rate among different types of workers（χ~2=142.013,P〈0.05）. The diagnosis age of silicosis patients was mainly 60-64 years old（43.68%）. Significant difference was found in diagnosis age between different stages（F =9.800,P〈0.05）. The exposure time of silicosis patients among Xiangyang-Chongqing railway construction workers was short with the median of 3 years.[Conclusion]The prevalence of silicosis among workers who participated in Xiangyang-Chongqing railway construction remains serious. Occupational health surveillance for silicosis and assistance should be carried out in these workers,to improve their occupational health awareness,establish good habits,and improve the quality of life.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2017年第23期3182-3184,3191,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
矽肺
襄渝铁路
患病情况
Silicosis
Xiangyang-Chongqing railway
Prevalence
