摘要
为探究生物炭对黄瓜根际土壤细菌丰度、速效养分含量及酶活性的影响,本试验以日光温室黄瓜为试验材料,以土壤分别施入生物炭5、10、20、40和60 t·hm^(-2)为不同处理,研究生物炭影响黄瓜结果期根际土壤细菌丰度、速效养分含量、酶活性等因子的变化规律及其机制。结果表明,20~60 t·hm^(-2)生物炭可明显提高黄瓜结果期根际土壤细菌低级和高级物种的丰度,在科分类水平上可提高生丝微菌科、红螺菌科、鞘脂单胞菌科、中华杆菌科、鱼立克次体科、小单孢菌科、芽孢杆菌1科丰度,降低酸杆菌门Gp6科、Gp16科、Gp4科丰度;生物炭在黄瓜结果期可不同程度地提高根际土壤养分含量和脲酶、蔗糖酶活性,其中,以20 t·hm^(-2)处理效果最为明显,与对照相比,极显著提高了根际土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性,分别为39.86%、135.95%、81.35%、31.58%和52.43%。综上,施用生物炭能够改变黄瓜根际土壤细菌丰度,提高酶活性及速效养分含量。本研究为生物炭在黄瓜生产应用中提供了科学依据及理论指导。
To explore the influences of biochar on the bacterial abundance,available nutrient content,and enzyme activity of the rhizosphere soil of cucumber plants,the cucumber plants in heliogreenhouse were studied through different treatments,namely,applying the rhizosphere soil with biochar of 5,10,20,40 t·hm^（-2） and 60 t·hm^（-2）,respectively.The research results suggested the biochar in the range of 20 ~ 60 t·hm^（-2） could significantly enhance the abundances of both lowly and highly evolved bacteria species in the rhizosphere soil of cucumber plants during fruiting period. On family classification level, the biochars in this range improved the abundances of Hyphomicrobiaceae,Rhodospirillaceae,Sphingomonadaceae,Sinobacteraceae,Piscirickettsiaceae,Micromonosporaceae,and Bacillaceae 1,while reduced those of the Gp6,Gp16,and Gp4 families of Acidobacteria; during fruiting period,the biochar promoted the available nutrient content and the activities of urease and sucrose in the rhizosphere soil of cucumber plants by different degrees. The biochar of 20 t·hm^（-2） therein presented the most significant treatment effect. As compared to the control group,it significantly increased the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,rapidly available phosphorus,and rapidly available potassium,as well as the activities of urease and sucrose by 39. 86% ,135. 95% ,81. 35% ,31. 58% ,and 52. 43% ,respectively. In conclusion,biochar application could improve the bacterial abundance,enzyme activity,and available nutrient content in the rhizosphere soil of cucumber plants. The research of the study provided scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the application of biochar in cucumber production.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期370-376,共7页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31660602)
内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院作物育种科技创新团队(2017TD01)
关键词
生物炭
微生物
养分含量
酶活性
温室黄瓜
biochar, microorganism, nutrient content, enzyme activity, rhizosphere soil
