摘要
目的了解吉林省各类食品中的铝污染状况,对居民膳食铝暴露的健康风险进行初步评估。方法2012-2016年,在辖区内农贸市场、超市和食品店随机抽取4类,共1 133份样品,采用点评估方法,利用中国居民膳食营养与健康状况调查报告,将食品分为水产类、谷物类、肉类和乳制品共4大类,将整个人群按年龄、性别分为10组,对各组的食品消费量结合铝检测的平均值、中位值对吉林省居民进行初步的膳食铝暴露分析评估。结果食品样品中铝的超标率以粉条、粉皮为最高15.27%,其次为油炸食品和发面制品分别为12.75%和9.63%。居民每周膳食铝总暴露量为2.389 7 mg/kg体重,超过暂定每周可耐受摄入量2 mg/kg体重,主要来源为谷类及其制品,贡献率达到95.37%,对谷类制品进行细分,其贡献率较大的是发面制品为44.1%。结论吉林省居民主要消费的4类食品受到铝污染最大的为谷类及其制品中的发面制品,合理调整膳食结构可以降低每周膳食铝总暴露量,因而铝对人体将不会造成健康风险。
Objective To understand the status of aluminum contamination in all kinds of foods in Jilin province,and to assess the health risks of residents＇ dietary aluminum exposure. Methods From 2012 to 2016,four types,in total 1 133 samples of foods were randomly picked up from farmers＇ market,supermarket and grocery stores across Jilin province. The types of foods were divided in to aquatic products,grain,meat and dairy products in accordance to Chinese Residents＇ Dietary Nutrition and Health Survey. The population was divided in to ten groups in accordance to gender and age. Point assessment method was adopted to evaluate the results from foods consumptions of each group and the mean value and median value of aluminum detection results. Results Among foods samples,15.27% of vermicelli samples,12.75% of fried food samples and 9.63% of fermented flour products samples were found excessive amount of aluminum contamination,which were the three classes of foods with lowest attainment rate. The resident dietary aluminum total exposure per week was found to be 2.389 7 mg/kg BW,which exceeded the current weekly tolerate value（ 2 mg/kg BW）. The main source of aluminum exposure was cereal and cereal products,which contributed 95.37% of total aluminum content. As subdividing cereal products,the fermented flour products contributed 44. 1% of total aluminum content. Conclusion Grains and fermented flour products contains the highest amount of aluminum contamination among the four kinds of food of the main consumption of Jilin province. However,with adjustment of dietary structure,dietary aluminum total exposure per week can be reduced.As a result,the aluminum will not cause a health risk to the human body.
出处
《中国卫生工程学》
CAS
2018年第1期44-47,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering
关键词
铝
食品污染
风险评估
监测
Aluminum
Food contamination
The risk assessment
Monitoring
