摘要
正渗透是利用选择性半透膜两侧溶液的渗透压作为驱动力,使纯水透过膜。正渗透分离技术是一项能耗低、回收率高、环境友好的绿色能源技术,在废水处理、海水脱盐等方面具有很大的应用潜力。但是,膜分离过程中的浓差极化现象,限制了正渗透技术的商业化应用。荷电膜在分离过程中具有筛分和Donnan效应的双重作用,能有效提高膜的分离效率、水通量及耐污染能力。荷电膜的特殊分离机理使得其在正渗透技术中的应用具有极大的优势。主要介绍了现有文献报道的荷电正渗透膜的制备方法,并讨论了荷电膜的电荷性质及数量对正渗透过程的浓差极化、膜污染、水通量、亲水性、截留率及反向溶质扩散等因子的影响,为未来正渗透膜材料的研究和正渗透技术的广泛应用提供参考。
Forward osmosis （FO） uses osmotic pressure of solution on both sides of membrane to drive water through membrane. FO is a kind of green technology with low energy consumption and high recovery rate. It has application prospect in wastewater treatment and seawater desalination. Meanwhile, the obstacle of the commercial application of FO is that the process suffers from the issue of concentration polarization. The charged membrane has the double effect of sieving and Donnan effect during the separation process, which can effectively improve the separation efficiency, water flux and pollution resistance of the membrane. This paper introduces the preparation method of charged forward osmosis membranes, discusses the influence of charge properties and number of charged membranes to fouling, hydrophilicity, water flux, retention rate and reverse effect of solute diffusion and other factors in FO process. The paper will provide reference for future research in FO membrane materials and the application of forward osmosis technology.
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期94-99,共6页
Materials China
基金
深圳市战略新兴产业发展专项资金(JCYJ20140417144423188)
中山市新型研发机构产业化项目(2016F2FC0025)
关键词
荷电正渗透膜
正渗透
制备方法
浓差极化
荷电膜
charged forward osmosis membrane
forward osmosis
preparation method
concentration polarization
charged membrane
