摘要
在低鱼粉(15%鱼粉,LFM)饲料中,分别添加0.5%蛋氨酸、0.5%或1.0%胆汁酸盐、0.5%或1.0%牛磺酸(记为0.5%Met、0.5%Bile、1.0%Bile、0.5%Tau、1.0%Tau)配制5种等氮等能的饲料为5个实验处理组,以全鱼粉组(64.4%鱼粉,FM)和低鱼粉组(15%鱼粉,LFM)为对照,投喂中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹[(0.26±0.02)g]8周。结果表明:1)与LFM相比,0.5%Met组增重率和特定生长率显著提高,且各处理组的饲料系数显著降低;FM组蛋白质效率最高,与0.5%Met组、1.0%Bile组、0.5%Tau组、1.0%Tau组均无显著性差异。各组的全蟹体组成差异不明显,仅0.5%Met组的脂肪含量显著高于1.0%Bile和1.0%Tau组。2)LFM组肝胰腺和肠道中的淀粉酶活性最高,FM组最低;肝胰腺总蛋白酶的活性FM组最高,其次是0.5%Met组,两者均显著高于其它各组;FM组和0.5%Met组的肠总蛋白酶活性最高,0.5%Bile组次之;0.5%Met组的肝胰腺和肠道脂肪酶活性最高,1.0%Tau组的肝胰腺、LFM组的肠道脂肪酶活性最低。3)LFM组丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于FM组和各处理组;FM组的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和过氧化氢(CAT)酶活性均显著高于其它组,其中LFM组活性最低。结果显示,补充0.5%Met促进了幼蟹的肝胰腺和肠道总蛋白酶和脂肪酶的分泌,显著提高幼蟹的生长和抗氧化性能;添加0.5%、1.0%Bile可有效提高幼蟹肝胰腺、肠道的总蛋白酶和脂肪酶活力,降低饲料系数;而补充0.5%、1.0%Tau均能显著提高幼蟹肝胰腺和肠道消化酶活力和抗氧化能力。补充胆汁酸和牛磺酸未能有效促进生长可能与饲料中的限制性氨基酸不足有关。
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary bile acid,taurine and methionine supplementation in low fishmeal based diets on the growth performance,feed utilization and antioxidant ability of juvenile Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensis.Five diets were formulated using a basic diet,in which 15% fishmeal was included,supplemented with 0.5% methionine,0.5% or 1.0% bile acid,0.5% or 1.0% taurine,respectively.Diets of either full fishmeal-based（fish meal accounting for 64.4%） or low fishmealbased（fish meal accounting for 15%） served as the controls.Each diet was fed to juvenile Eriocheir sinensis[（0.26 ± 0.02） g]with five replicates for 8 weeks.The results showed： compared with LFM diet,weight gain rate,specific growth rate of crabs fed with FM and 0.5% Met diets were significantly higher（P 0.05）,while the feed coefficient of crabs fed with FM and all treatment groups exhibited significantly lower values（P 0.05）.Crabs fed with FM had the highest protein efficiency,and no significant difference was found among this group and the groups of 0.5% Met,1.0% Bile,0.5% Tau and 1.0% Tau.Whole body proximate composition of E.sinensis fed with different experimental diets showed no significant difference,only the lipid content of crabs fed with 0.5% Met was higher than those in group of 1.0% Bile and 1.0%Tau.Crabs fed with LFM had the highest amylase activities in the intestine and hepatopancreas,and in contrast crabs fed with FM obtained the lowest values.Crabs fed with FM and 0.5% Met exhibited the highest total protease activity in crab intestine followed by crabs fed with 0.5% Bile diet.Both in intestinal tractand hepatopancreas,crabs fed with 0.5% Met diet obtained the highest intestine and hepatopancreas lipase activities.Crabs fed with 1.0% Tau exhibited the lowest lipase activity in hepatopancreas.Crabs fed with LFM had the lowest lipase activity in intestine.Malondialdehyde（MDA） content in crabs fed with LFM was significantly higher than crabs fed with FM and other diets.Crabs fed with FM diet had significantly higher activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and catalase（CAT） than fed with other diets.The crude lipid content of carbs fed with 0.5% Met was the highest and significantly higher than those of group 0.1% Bile and 1.0% Tau.All these results suggest that supplementation of appropriate levels of bile acid and taurine could effectively reduce feed coefficient,and dietary 0.5% Met supplementation could effectively improve the growth performance,activities of total hepatopancreas or intestine protease and lipase,and oxidation resistance.Dietary 0.5%,1.0% bile acid supplementation could also effectively improve the activities of total protease and lipase,but no difference is found in accelerating the growth performance.Besides,dietary 0.5%,1.0% taurine supplementation could effectively improve activities of total hepatopancreas or intestinal protease and lipase and oxidation resistance,but cannot accelerate the growth performance of E.sinensis
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期65-75,共11页
Marine Fisheries
基金
国家虾蟹产业技术体系项目(CARS-46)
国家自然科学基金项目(31572629)
上海市中华绒螯蟹现代农业产业技术体系建设(第二期)部分资助
关键词
中华绒螯蟹
胆汁酸
牛磺酸
蛋氨酸
生长性能
Eriochier sinensis
bile acid
taurine
methionine, growth performance
