摘要
本文将公共财政教育支出作为教育政策变量纳入实证模型进行评估,着重分析了财政教育支出通过改善子代的人力资本投资,缩小不同家庭背景的子代在人力资本投资水平上的差异,进而改善代际流动性。基准分析发现,义务教育阶段的财政教育支出能够在一定程度上弥补家庭层面人力资本投资的不足,进而削弱了子代初始禀赋不均等对个体收入的影响程度,提高了代际流动性。进一步分析表明,相对贫困的家庭能够从义务教育阶段的财政教育支出中获益更多,这意味着增加义务教育阶段的财政教育支出有助于改善收入的不均等状况。此外,本文还发现义务教育阶段的财政教育支出只有超过门限值后才会促进人力资本的有效积累,降低子代教育获得对父母经济地位的依赖程度,增强代际流动性。因此,加大教育薄弱地区以及贫困家庭的财政教育支持力度是政府阻断贫困代际传递的重要途径,也是保障社会流动性的重要手段。
This paper takes public education expenditure as a policy variable of the empirical model, and analyzes the effect of fiscal education expenditure on human capital formation and intergenerational mobility. The benchmark analysis shows that the expenditure on compulsory education can to a certain extent make up for the deficiency of family human capital investment, weaken the influence of the initial endowment inequality on the individual income, and then improve intergenerational mobility. Further analysis shows that relatively poor families can benefit more from fiscal expenditure on compulsory education, which means that an increase of fiscal expenditure on compulsory education helps to alleviate income inequality. In addition, this paper also found that the fiscal education expenditure only when exceeds the threshold value would promote the effective accumulation of human capital and reduce the degree of dependence on parents＇ economic status, and then enhance social intergenerational mobility. Therefore, it is an important way and also an important means to ensure social mobility for the government to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty by increasing support for poverty- stricken areas.
出处
《财政研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期64-76,共13页
Public Finance Research
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“分两步走全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新目标研究”(批准号：18VSJ015)
关键词
财政教育支出
代际收入流动性
义务教育
Fiscal Education Expenditure
Intergenerational Income Mobility
Compulsory Education
