摘要
电子资源使用统计收割标准SUSHI是一个为自动收割COUNTER格式的使用数据而制订的数据采集与传递的标准协议,于2007年成为NISO标准。目前,图书馆和数据库商对如何使用SUSHI仍比较迷茫,并不清楚各自需要做哪些准备工作以实现利用SUSHI自动收割使用数据。2014年2月,中国高校图书馆数字资源采购联盟倡议实现组团数据库使用数据按月自动化收割与规范化管理,重新引发国内图书馆及数据库商对SUSHI的关注。为加深国内图书馆及数据库商对SUSHI的理解与认知,并推进SUSHI的应用,本文梳理国内外SUSHI的实施与应用现状,从SUSHI客户端和服务器端两个层面解析SUSHI实施与应用的具体流程与步骤,并通过剖析英国JUSP和中国DRAA电子资源使用统计模块两个联盟的应用案例,呈现SUSHI应用的具体操作细节,揭开SUSHI实施与应用的神秘面纱。意识层面、技术层面和标准层面的因素推动或阻碍了SUSHI的实施与应用,建议要基于利益相关者来推动SUSHI的实施与应用。
The Standardized Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative （SUSHI） is a protocol developed in response to the need in libraries to collect COUNTER compliant usage statistics automatically. Ten years have passed since SUSHI became a NISO standard, but there is still confusion about how to implement SUSHI for both libraries and content providers, and they don＇ t know what should be prepared to collect usage statistics automatically with SUSHI. Digital Resource Acquisition Alliance of Chinese Academic Libraries （DRAA） advocated using SUSHI to harvest usage statistics of DRAA members automatically on 25th February 2014. This initiative marked that academic libraries in China began to be involved in the road of implementing SUSHI, and raised the concerns about SUSHI in China again. In order to deepen the understanding of SUSHI for academic libraries and content providers in China and to promote SUSHI application, this paperstarts with a quick review of the background and the latest development on SUSHI, then demonstrates how to implement SUSHI for both SUSHI clients and servers, then investigates how the different players （standards organizations, libraries/library consortia, content providers, ILS/ERM vendors） fit together to promote SUSHI in foreign countries and China. Two cases, JUSP and DRAA electronic resource statistics module, are also introduced to present the major basic steps involved in SUSHI implementations. Finally the paper examines some of the factors that promote or hinder the wide adoption of SUSHI, and proposes some suggestions to promote the application of SUSHI based on the stakeholders. The study shows SUSHI implementation involves transferring messages between the SUSHI client side and server side. The SUSHI client side （ mainly including libraries/library consortia, ILS/ERM vendors） should first choose a SUSHI client, and then configure the SUSHI client in order to successfully harvest COUNTER reports while the SUSHI server side （ mainly including content providers） should develop a SUSHI Web service to deliver XML-formatted COUNTER reports to libraries. SUSHI has been widely used and supported by standards organizations, libraries/library consortia, content providers and ILS/ERM vendors in foreign countries, but it has not been so widely adopted in China for up till now. There has not yet had such a standard for electronic resource usage data as COUNTER or SUSHI. Stakeholders in China are working to promote SUSHI applications and have achieved initial results. The influence of a library consortium is far stronger than that of a single library, and the adoption by more library consortia can well demonstrate the success and maturity of SUSHI to some extent, JISC collections and DRAA are two of the successful international cases which develop the services for electronic resource usage data. The two have some similarities when implementing SUSHI. Both develop the SUSHI client on their own and encourage the member libraries and content providers to join the consortium＇s SUSHI service, and ultimately provide a single point of access to usage data from participating content providers on behalf of member libraries. The needs in libraries, the promotion of standards organizations and library consortia, the support of content providers and ILS/ERM providers are the main factors that promote SUSHI implementation, but there remain some of the roadblocks that impede consistent implementation of SUSHI such as the aspects of awareness, technology and standards. In the future, the whole community should have its roles in supporting SUSHI. For standards organizations such as COUNTER and NISO SUSHI Standing Committee, they should promote the upgrade of SUSHI and COUNTER constantly, develop SUSHI implementation guidelines and promote related standards to accompany SUSHI protocol. Content providers should raise awareness of normalizing usage statistics and cooperate with the libraries/library consortia to provide technical support for SUSHI services, become SUSHI compliant and register with the SUSHI server Registry. Libraries should also raise awareness of implementing SUSHI, and join the library consortia＇s SUSHI service, encourage content providers to provide SUSHI services, purchase or independently develop ERMS/usage consolidation application. The library consortia should urge the content providers to comply with SUSHI, and require SUSHI compliance as part of their agreements, provide trainings on usage statistics, and strengthen SUSHI publicity and promotion. 29 refs.
出处
《中国图书馆学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期46-60,共15页
Journal of Library Science in China
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"中美电子资源国家标准比较研究"(编号:16BTQ027)的研究成果之一~~
