摘要
建设国家现代农业示范区已经成为中国各地加快推进农业现代化的有效方式,深入探究国家现代农业示范区的建设水平现状及提升其建设水平策略具有重要的现实意义。基于农业部发布的《2016国家现代农业示范区建设水平监测评价报告》中281个示范区的统计数据,分析示范区的建设水平,探讨其存在的问题。结果表明,2010—2015年示范区建设水平稳步增长,年际增速4.9%;综合得分在75分以上的示范区所占比重从0.7%上升到28.5%。东部地区示范区建设水平最高,西部地区示范区发展水平落后,但各省份之间示范区建设水平差距逐渐缩小。25个试点示范区综合得分比全国示范区平均得分高4分;除东北地区外,东、中、西部地区排名前十的示范区都已经基本实现农业现代化。目前,示范区建设过程中还存在有一些问题,主要表现为保障国家粮食安全与增加种粮农民收入的矛盾依然存在、示范区发展不平衡现象较为显著、提高农业经营管理水平难以突破、高质量农产品有效供给不足等4个方面。因此,应通过提高农业综合生产能力,多渠道增加农民收入;促进示范区之间交流与合作,完善国家级示范区进出机制;健全经营与管理体系,配套"硬件"与"软件"设施;坚持市场导向,提高示范区农产品供给质量等对策提升示范区建设水平。
The development of the national modern agricultural demonstration zone （NMADZ） has become an effective way to accelerate agricultural modernization in China. It is of great practical significance to explore the current situation of the development level of the NMAZDs and the strategies for improving its development level. Based on the statistical data of 281 NMADZs from the monitoring and evaluation reports of the 2016 National Modern Agriculture Demonstration Zone published by the Ministry of Agriculture, this paper evaluated the development level of the NMAZDs and discussed some main existing problems. Results show that from 2010 to 2015, the development level of the demonstration zones increased steadily, and the annual growth rate was 4.9%. The percentage of the NMAZDs with an index score of 75 or more increased from 0.7% to 28.5%. The development levels of the NMADZs also showed regional difference with the highest level in the eastern region and lower levels in the western region; but the gap between the two regions was gradually narrowing. The overall score of the 25 pilot demonstration zones was 4 points higher than the average of the NMADZs. Except the northeast region, the top ten NMADZs in the eastern, central and western regions have basically realized agricultural modernization. Currently, there are still some problems in the development of the NMADZs, including the contradiction between the protection of national food security and the increase of farmers＇ income, unbalanced development among different regions, difficulties in improving agricultural operation and management levels, and insufficient supply of high-quality agricultural products, etc. To further promote the development of the NMADZs in China, this paper suggests： to improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and to increase farmers＇ incomes through multiple channels, to promote communications and collaborations among the NMADZs and to improve the entry and exit mechanism, to perfect the operating and management system and to provide more supports for the ＂hardware＂ and ＂software＂ facilities, to continue the market oriented activities, and to increase the quality of agricultural products in NMADZs.
作者
孟召娣
朱福守
蒋和平
MENG Zhao-di1, ZHU Fu-shou2, JIANG He-pingz(1. Business School, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; 2. Institute of Agricultural Economics and development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期185-193,共9页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDAZ0241)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程资助项目(ASTIP-IAED02)~~
关键词
现代农业示范区
建设水平
农业现代化
综合评价
试点示范区
modern agricultural demonstration zone
development level
agricultural modernization
comprehensive evaluation
pilot demonstration zone
