摘要
利用矮秆基因Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8的特异性分子标记对202份普通小麦材料进行了分子检测,连续两年观测了供试材料的重要农艺特性,分析了不同矮秆基因的遗传效应。结果表明:在202份供试材料中,22份供试材料含有基因Rht-B1b,分布频率为10.89%;基因Rht-D1b、Rht8和不含3种矮秆基因的材料分布频率分别为73.76%、65.84%和6.93%,其中有12份材料含基因Rht-B1b+Rht8,有104份材料含Rht-D1b+Rht8,分布频率分别为5.94%和51.43%。矮秆基因对农艺特性的影响不同。3个矮秆基因均可以显著地降低株高,其降秆效应分别为Rht-D1b>Rht-B1b>Rht8,就基因组合而言,降秆效应则是Rht-D1b+Rht8>Rht-D1b>Rht-B1b+Rht8>Rht-B1b>Rht8,说明矮秆基因具有累加效应,同时含有2个矮秆基因要比只含有其中1个矮秆基因株高更低。矮秆基因在有效分蘖、穗长、小穗数和穗粒数等方面不存在显著差异,但矮秆基因对有效分蘖有一定的负效应,有利于穗长和穗粒数的增加。基因Rht8可以显著提高千粒重,而Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b对千粒重存在一定的负效应。试验中含有基因Rht-D1b和Rht8的部分材料在农艺性状中表现良好,应进一步加以利用。
In this study, 202 wheat materials were detected by using the specific molecular markers of wheat dwarf genes Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht8, and combined with molecular marker detection, the effects of dwarf genes on plant height, effective tiller, ear length, spikelet number, grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight were analyzed. The results showed that Rht-D1b and Rht8 had been utilized with the higher percentage of 73.76% and 65.84%, only 22 cultivars contain Rht-B1b, 14 cultivars do not carry any dwarf genes. Among these cultivars respectively containing dwarfing genes, 5.94% cultivars contain Rht-B1b and Rht8, 51.43% contain Rht-D1b and Rht8. Different dwarf genes and their combinations had different effects on agronomic traits. The Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht8 dwarfing genes had significantly reduced plant height. The height reducing capability of different dwarf genes ranged as Rht-D1b 〉Rht-B1b 〉Rht8, and Rht-D1b ＋Rht8〉Rht-D1b 〉Rht-B1b ＋Rht8〉Rht-B1b 〉 Rht8, which indicated dwarf genes had cumulative effects. The height of the plant carried two dwarf genes was lower than that contained only one dwarf gene. The dwarf genes had no significantly effect on the effective tiller, ear length, spikelet number and grains per spike, but the dwarf genes were benefit to ear length and grains per spike owing to having a negative effect on the effective tiller. The varieties only carried Rht8 had higher 1 000-grain weight than other varieties, but the materials containing genes Rht-D1b and Rht-B1b were the opposite. The materials containing both genes Rht-D1b and Rht8 in the experiment performed well in agronomic traits and it should be further utilized.
作者
朱浩
牛艳路
王佩
全军利
陈耀锋
Zhu Hao;Niu Yanlu;Wang Pei;Quan Junli;Chen Yaofeng(College of Agronomy, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, 712100)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期1855-1861,共7页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0101802)
陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2015KTCL02-24)共同资助
关键词
小麦
矮秆基因
分子标记
分布频率
农艺性状
Wheat, Dwarf genes, Molecular marker, Distribution frequency, Agronomic traits
