摘要
本文主要总结了近十多年来橄榄岩流变实验的研究成果,介绍了上地幔流变研究的进展和意义.经过多年的实验研究,橄榄岩流变性质在理论和应用方面都已取得重要突破.人们利用高温高压实验深入研究了熔/流体、铁含量、粒径尺度、温压条件等因素对橄榄石流变性质的影响,得到了表征橄榄石流变特性的幂率本构方程的各参数,并从理论方面探讨了橄榄石等矿物在不同深度处可能存在的变形机制.在应用方面,高温高压流变研究为许多地质现象(如软流圈的成因)的解释和地球动力学(如地幔对流)的模拟提供了实验依据和基础数据,如辉石的粒度效应可以解释上地幔板块边界变形及剪切局域化问题等.尽管对上地幔矿物的流变特性进行了深入地研究,但还有许多问题需要人们进一步厘定,如碳酸盐熔体对橄榄石流变性质的影响,橄榄石变形机制的转化等.
This paper summarizes the research results of rheological experiment of peridotite, and introduces the development and significance of the research on the mantle rheology in recent years.There are important breakthroughs in both theory and application on the rheological properties of peridotite. In the theory,the effects of melt/fluid,iron content,grain size,temperature and pressure on the rheological properties of olivine were studied. The rheological properties of olivine fluid-law parameters of constitutive equation were obtained. Furthermore,the possible deformation mechanism of olivine minerals at different depths were discussed. In the application,high pressure and high temperature research provides basic data for many geological phenomena（ such as the cause of asthenosphere）and geodynamics（ such as mantle convection）. For example,the grain size effect of pyroxene can be explained on the mantle of the plate boundary deformation and shear localization problem etc.Although there were deeply studied on the rheological properties of mantle minerals, it still have many problems to be further determined,such as the effect of carbonate melt on the rheological properties of olivine,transformation of deformation mechanism of olivine.
作者
张慧慧
黄晓葛
陈祖安
ZHANG Hui-hui;HUANG Xiao-ge;CHEN Zu-an(Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期521-531,共11页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41574089,41174074)资助
关键词
上地幔
橄榄石
高温高压实验
流变强度
upper mantle
olivine
high temperature and high pressure experiment
theology
