摘要
目的了解扬州市农村水质状况及变化趋势,为农村安全饮用水改造提供科学的依据。方法数据来源于2012—2016年各县(市、区)疾控中心农村饮用水卫生监测工作,按照GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行样品分析,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2012—2016年水质合格率分别为91.9%、87.7%、90.0%、95.7%、99.3%,合格率呈逐年增高趋势(趋势χ~2=37.003,P<0.01);枯水期合格率分别为90.4%、89.3%、85.7%、96.7%、99.3%,丰水期合格率为93.4%、86.2%、94.3%、94.7%、99.3%,枯水期和丰水期合格率均呈逐年增高趋势(趋势χ~2分别为22.399、14.713,均P<0.01);2014年不同水期之间合格率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.236,P<0.01),丰水期合格率高于枯水期;A区合格率依次为74.4%、82.5%、100.0%、97.9%、100.0%,B区为97.4%、90.0%、91.7%、100.0%、100.0%,C市为90.9%、92.3%、86.1%、90.9%、96.9%,D县为96.5%、80.4%、86.5%、99.0%、100.0%,E市为100.0%、87.1%、90.5%、95.5%、98.8%,5个地区A区及B区水质合格率年趋势逐渐好转(χ~2_(趋势)分别为60.448、5.305,均P<0.05);2012—2015年4年相同年份不同地区水质合格率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为96.120、10.418、16.055、18.312,均P<0.05)。结论扬州市农村饮用水水质合格率逐年增高,部分地区水质改善不佳,需加强经济设备投入,增强监管力度。
[Objective]To understand the status of rural water quality and its changing trends in Yangzhou City,provide a scientific basis for safe drinking water reform in rural areas.[Methods]The data were derived from the health monitoring of drinking water in rural areas of county（municipal and district）centers for disease control and prevention during 2012-2016.The sample analysis was performed according to the Drinking water health standards（GB 5749-2006）and statistical analysis was conducted by using the SPSS 20.0 software.[Results]The qualified rate of drinking water was respectively 91.9%,87.7%,90.0%,95.7% and 99.3% from 2012-2016,which showed a rising trend（χ^2 trend=37.003,P〈0.01）.The qualified rate of drinking water in dry season was respectively 90.4%,89.3%,85.7%,96.7% and 99.3%,while the qualified rate in wet season was respectively 93.4%,86.2%,94.3%,94.7% and 99.3%,and both showed a rising trend（χ^2 trend=22.399,14.713,both P〈0.01）.The difference in qualified rate of drinking water was statistically significant between wet season and dry season in 2014（χ^2=13.236,P〈0.01）,which the qualified rate in wet season was higher than that in dry season.The qualified rate of drinking water in A district was respectively74.4%,82.5%,100.0%,97.9% and 100.0%,that in B district was respectively 97.4%,90.0%,91.7%,100.0% and 100.0%,that in C city was respectively 90.9%,92.3%,86.1%,90.9% and 96.9%,that in D county was respectively 96.5%,80.4%,86.5%,99.0%and 100.0%,and that in E city was respectively 100.0%,87.1%,90.5%,95.5% and 98.8%.Among 5 areas,the qualified rate of drinking water in A district and B district showed a rising trend gradually（χ^2trend=60.448,χ^2trend=5.305,all P〈0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in qualified rate of drinking water among different areas in the same year in 2012-2015,（χ^2 value was respectively 96.120,10.418,16.055 and 18.312,all P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]The qualified rates of rural drinking water have increased gradually in Yangzhou City,but water quality improvement in some areas is not satisfactory.It is necessary to strengthen the economic equipment investment and enhance supervision.
作者
徐勤
朱月潜
韩小亮
张开月
XU Qin;ZHU Yue-qian;HAN Xiao-liang;ZHANG Kai-yue(Health Monitoring Department, Yangzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou Jiangsu, 225001, China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第5期676-678,685,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
江苏省卫生科研项目(Y2015039)
关键词
农村饮用水
水质
趋势
Rural drinking water
Water quality
Tendency
