摘要
目的分析儿童呼吸道感染流感嗜血杆菌(H.influenzae)的临床特征与耐药性,为临床预防感染和合理用药提供依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2016年12月东莞市常平医院儿科门诊和住院的2 177例呼吸道感染患儿的临床资料。结果 4年间共分离出流感嗜血杆菌209株,检出率为9.6%,流感嗜血杆菌感染主要集中在0岁~<1岁、冬季和城市患儿,检出率分别为16.0%、13.3%和12.2%;血清学分型以不可分型为主,占51.7%;流感嗜血杆菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率总体呈上升趋势,对氨苄西林、复方新诺明保持较高的耐药性,总耐药率分别为41.1%、75.6%,连续4年,流感嗜血杆菌产β-内酰胺酶率保持上升趋势,总产酶率为41.1%。结论本地区流感嗜血杆菌在冬季高发,易引起3岁以下患儿呼吸道感染,血清学分型以不可分型为主,流感嗜血杆菌产β-内酰胺酶率逐年升高,对不同抗菌药物的耐药性随着时间而变化,临床应根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae （H. influenzae） in children with respiratory tract infection, so as to provide basis for the prevention of clinical infection and rational use of drugs. Methods The clinical data of 2 177 cases of respiratory tract infection from Department of Pediatrics and Inpatients Department of Chang＇ping Hospital during January 2013 December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 209 H. influenzae isolates were isolated during the 4 years, with the detection rate of 9.6% ; H. influenzae infection mainly occurred at the age of 0 to 1 in winter, especially urban children, and the detection rates were 16.0%, 13.3% and 12.2% ; the serotyping was mainly non separable, accounting for 51.7% ; the resistance rate of H. influenzae to commonly used antibiotics was on the rise, the resistance rates of ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole were higher, and the total resistance rate was 41.1% and 75.6% respectively, for 4 consecutive years, the rate of beta lactamase production in H. influenzae kept rising, and the total enzyme production rate was 41.1%. Conclusion The incidence of H. influenzae in winter was high in this region, which can cause respiratory tract infections in children under 3 years old, and the serotyping of serum type should be the main type, H. influenzae production rate of beta lactamase increased year by year, and the resistance to different antibacterial drugs varied with time, so clinical antibiotics should be rationally selected according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility test.
作者
皮红泉
吴乐天
杨培文
PI Hong quan;WU Le tian;YANG Pei wen(Laboratory Department, Changping Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523573, Chin)
出处
《中国卫生检验杂志》
CAS
2018年第8期929-933,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology
关键词
儿童
呼吸道感染
流感嗜血杆菌
临床特征
耐药性
Children
Respiratory tract infection
H. influenzae
Clinical characteristics
Drug resistance
