摘要
运用标准化径流指数(standardized runoff index,SRI)和标准化降雨指数(standardized precipitation index,SPI)对塔里木河源流区月径流量和月降水量进行了全面系统的分析,结合历史干旱资料和游程理论分析干旱指数适用性和干旱变化特征,结果表明:1)3个月尺度的SPI和SRI均能够较好地反映塔河流域干旱特征,阿克苏河流域和开都河流域山区气象站SPI3和SRI3的相关性高于其他流域;2)和田河流域和叶尔羌河流域的干旱发生频率大于阿克苏河流域和开都河流域,但其干旱历时小于阿克苏河流域和开都河流域;3)1987年以后源流区的轻度干旱年均干旱次数少于1987年以前,主要是因为降雨、气温的增加和水利工程设施的修建.耕地面积迅速增加是1987年以后的极端干旱的干旱历时和干旱烈度大于1987年以前的主要原因.
Monthly runoff and precipitation in the headwaters of the Tarim River were analyzed from standardized runoff index and standardized precipitation index.Applicability of drought index and related changing properties of droughts were investigated using historical observations and run theories.SPI and SRI on a 3-month time scale reflect well the changing properties of droughts within the Tarim River Basin.Correlation between SPI3 and SRI3 is more significant in the Hotan and Yerqiang River Basins than in other river basins Occurrence frequency of droughts in Hotan and Yerqiang River Basins is larger than in Arkasu and Kaidu River Basins.However,the duration of droughts in Hotan and Yerqiang River Basins is shorter than in Arkasu and Kaidu River Basins.The number of light droughts in headwater regions of Tarim River Basin after1987 is smaller than that before 1987,due to increased temperature and precipitation and massive construction of hydraulic facilities after 1987.In addition,substantially increase of crop lands after 1987 is a major contribution factor behind lengthening drought duration and intensified droughts compared to before 1987.This study sheds new light on the understanding of drought changes in a warming climate in arid river basins in China and also in similar river basins in other regions of the globe.
作者
孙鹏
孙玉燕
姚蕊
张强
温庆志
SUN Peng;SUN Yuyan;YAO Rui;ZHANG Qiang;WEN Qingzhi(College of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, 241002, Wuhu,Anhui, China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China;Anhui Key Laboratory of Natural Disaster Process and Prevention, Anhui Normal University, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China;Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China)
出处
《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期261-268,共8页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41601023
41771536)
国家自然科学基金委创新群体资助项目(41621061)
国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(51425903)
地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2017-KF-04)
中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放基金(IWHR-SKL-201720)
环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室开放基金联合资助项目
关键词
标准化径流指数
标准化降水指数
干旱特征
塔里木河
standardized runoff index
standardized precipitation index
drought characteristics
Tarim River Basin
