摘要
为明确近年甘蔗梢腐病暴发成灾的原因及其为害造成的损失,调查田间自然条件下主栽甘蔗品种受害区和未受害区的病株率,甘蔗收砍期产量及糖分等品质损失;并分析病害流行原因。结果表明:感病品种的大面积种植、高温多湿气候、病原菌积累和栽培管理不当是导致近年该病暴发流行的主因,梢腐病为害的病株率为63.3%~95.0%,平均81.1%;甘蔗实测产量损失率为30.2%~48.5%,平均38.42%;蔗糖分减少2.63%~5.21%,平均3.61%;蔗汁锤度减少2.40~4.69°Bx,平均3.61°Bx;蔗汁重力纯度减少1.99%~8.14%,平均4.83%;蔗汁还原糖分提高0.05%~0.60%,平均0.16%。可见,目前甘蔗梢腐病发生为害严重,造成的甘蔗产量及糖分损失巨大,严重影响甘蔗的增产增收。因此,制定科学有效的甘蔗梢腐病防控对策对中国甘蔗产业的可持续发展具有重要意义。
The aim of the investigation was to ascertain the epidemic reason of sugarcane pokahh boeng and its losses on yield and sucrose content. The incidence, losses of sugarcane yield and sucrose content of main sugarcane cultivars in the damaged and undamaged areas were measured. The results revealed that the prevalence of pokkah boeng could be mainly attributed to the cultivation of susceptible varieties, high temperature and wet weather, accumulation of pathogen and improper cultivation and management practices. The data of survey showed the incidences of pokkah boeng were 63.3%-95.0% with average of 81.1%; the yield loss rate was30.2%-48.5% with average of 38.42%; the sucrose content reduced by 2.63%-5.21% with average of 3.61%;sugarcane juice brix fell in 2.40-4.69 °Bx with average of 3.61°Bx; gravity purity of sugarcane juice decreased by 1.99%-8.14% with average of 4.83%; the reducing sugar of sugarcane juice increased by 0.05%-0.60%with average of 0.16%. It was confirmed that current occurrence of sugarcane pokkah boeng was serious, and the loss of sugarcane yields and sucrose content caused by pokkah boeng was very great, which impacted on increase of sugarcane yield and profit. It was very important for sustainable development of sugar industry to make scientific and effective control techniques for pokkah boeng in sugarcane.
作者
单红丽
李文凤
张荣跃
王晓燕
李婕
仓晓燕
尹炯
罗志明
黄应昆
SHAN Hong-li;LI Wen-feng;ZHANG Rong-yue;WANG Xiao-yan;LI Jie;CANG Xiao-yan;YIN Jiong;et al(Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane GeneticImprovement, Kaiyuan 661699, Yunnan)
出处
《中国糖料》
2018年第3期40-42,45,共4页
Sugar Crops of China
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-170303)
云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金
关键词
甘蔗梢腐病
流行原因
甘蔗产量和糖分
损失评估
sugarcane pokkah boeng
epidemic causes
yield and sucrose content
loss assessment
