摘要
目的调查西安市医务工作者亚健康状况及其影响因素,为有针对性地制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取西安市8所社区卫生服务机构、3所二级医院、1所三级医院878名医务工作者作为调查对象。利用《中国城市居民亚健康状况自评量表》,对其亚健康状况进行调查,并利用多因素logistic回归分析其亚健康状况的影响因素。结果西安市医务工作者亚健康整体检出率为54.41%,婚姻状况为离婚(丧偶)的医务工作者亚健康检出率明显高于未婚和已婚者(χ2=27.719,P<0.05),医务工作者子女尚未成年(子女年龄<18岁)亚健康检出率明显高于无子女和子女已成年者(χ2=35.695,P<0.05)。岗位为临床护士和医生的亚健康检出率明显高于医技人员和公共卫生人员(χ2=34.413,P<0.05),单位性质为三甲医院的医务工作者亚健康检出率明显高于二级医院和社区卫生机构工作者(χ2=12.904,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,婚姻状况(OR=1.630)、家庭成员健康状况(OR=0.114)、岗位(OR=2.451)、单位性质(OR=1.971)、工作压力(OR=1.532)、体育锻炼(OR=1.072)是医务工作者亚健康状况的主要影响因素。即离异(丧偶)、岗位为临床护理和临床医生、单位为三级医院、工作压力大、很少进行体育锻炼、家庭成员健康状况越差,医务工作者亚健康状况越明显。结论亚健康问题严重影响着医务人员的身体健康,医院管理层应高度重视其身心健康状况,尤其是三级医院临床医务工作者。应从加大医疗卫生人力资源的配置,创造良好、稳定、和谐的家庭环境,从保持良好的生活习惯、坚持体育锻炼等方面出发,促进医务工作者身心健康。
[Objective]To investigate the sub-health status of medical workers in Xi＇an and its influencing factors,provide basis for developing the targeted intervention measures.[Methods]Using the stratified cluster sampling method,878 medical workers were collected from 8 community health service institutions,3 secondary hospitals and 1 tertiary hospital in Xi＇an City. The China＇s urban residents sub-health status self-rating scale was used to investigate the sub-health status,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.[Results]The overall detection rate of sub-health among medical workers in Xi＇an City was 54.41%. The detection rate of sub-health in divorce（widowhood） medical workers was significantly higher than that in unmarried and married medical workers（χ2=27.719,P0.05）. The detection rate of sub-health in medical workers whose children were younger than 18 years was significantly higher than that in medical workers without child or those whose children were adult（χ2=35.695,P0.05）. The detection rate of sub-health in clinical nurses and doctors was significantly higher than that in technical personnel and public health personnel（χ2=34.413, P0.05）. The detection rate of sub-health in medical workers from grade-A tertiary hospitals was significantly higher than that in medical workers from community health service institutions and secondary hospitals（χ2=12.904, P0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that marital status（OR=1.630）,family member health（OR =0.114）,job（OR =2.451）,institution type（OR =1.971）,working pressure（OR =1.532）,exercise（OR =1.072）were the main influencing factor of sub-health status for medical workers. That is,the medical workers who were divorced（widowed）,clinical care and clinicians,from tertiary hospitals,had heavy working pressure,little physical exercise and family members in worse health status had significant sub-health.[Conclusion]Sub-health problems seriously affect the health of medical staff. Hospital managers should attach great importance to their physical and mental health,especially clinical medical workers in tertiary hospitals. It is necessary to increases the disposition of medical and health human resources,create a good,stable and harmonious family environment,maintain good living habits and persist in physical exercise,to promote the health and well-being of medical workers.
作者
马永红
许丽荣
谭姣
曹平
石明娟
MA Yong-hong;XU Li-ron;TAN Jiao;CAO Ping;SHI Ming-juan(Department of Public Health, Xi＇an Medical University ,Xi＇an Shaanxi, 710021, China;Disinfection Supply Center, Shaanxi People＇s Hospital,Xi＇an Shaanxi, 710068, China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第6期828-831,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(15JK1628)
陕西省科技厅社会发展科技攻关项目(2016SF-245)
关键词
医务工作者
亚健康
影响因素
Medical workers, Sub-health, Influencing factors
