摘要
目的分析9 517例患者应用抗菌药物引发的不良反应(ADR),总结其临床特点,为抗菌药物的临床应用提供参考。方法采用回顾性研究方法,分析2012—2016年西安市不良反应中心收集的ADR患者的年龄、性别、抗菌药物种类、给药途径、ADR发生的时间等。结果 44 516例ADR报表中,抗菌药物ADR 9 517例(21.38%)。9 517例抗菌药物ADR中,21～30岁发生率最高(19.38%);发生率最低的为>80岁的老年人(3.13%);女性发生ADR 5 496例(57.75%),高于男性的4 021例(42.25%);头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类和大环内酯类ADR最多,分别占28.59%、19.56%、15.29%;出现抗菌药物ADR的时间≤1 d者8 707例(92.44%);2～3 d者588例(6.24%);>3 d者124例(1.32%)。结论抗菌药物ADR的发生与年龄、既往过敏史、用药种类、给药途径等均有关系,详细了解患者的基本情况,个体化给药,促进临床合理用药,可降低ADR对患者造成的危害。
Objective To investigate 9 517 cases adverse drug reactions （ADR） induced by the use of antibiotics, and ana- lyze the clinical characteristics, so as to provide guidance for clinical use of antibiotics. Methods＇ A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the age, sex, antibacterial drug type, route of administration and time of adverse reactions in patients with ADR collected during 2012-2016 in Xi＇an Center for ADR Monitoring. Results In 44 516 cases of ADR, 9 517 cases （21.38%） of antimicrobial drug ADR were involved. Among the 9 517 cases of antimicrobial drug ADR, the incidence rate of 21 to 30 years old was the highest （19.38%）; and the lowest incidence of which was older than 80 years old （3.13%）. There were 5 496 cases （57.75%） female with ADR and 4 021 cases （42.25%） male. Cephalosporins, quinolones and macrolides were the most common antimierobial drug ADR agents, accounting for 28.59%, 19.56% and 15.29% respectively. There were 8 707 cases （92.44%） occurred antimicrobial ADR less than 1 day, 588 cases （6.24%） with antimicrobial ADR in 2 to 3 days and 124 cases （1.32%） with antimicrobial ADR more than 3 days. Conclusion The influencing factors of adverse reactions were age, allergies, medication categories and drug delivery way. To understand the basic situation of patients in detail and give individualized administration to promote rational use of drugs in clinic can reduce the harm caused by ADR to patients.
作者
谷建俐
吴婷婷
陈敏纯
曹青
薛飞
GU Jian-li;WU Ting-ting;CHEN Min-chun;CAO Qing;XUE Fei(Xi＇an No.3 Hospital, Xi＇an 710018;Xi＇an Center for ADR Monitoring, Xi＇an 710000, China)
出处
《临床医学研究与实践》
2018年第13期87-89,共3页
Clinical Research and Practice
