摘要
[目的]为了研究有机发酵液灌溉下的不同基质栽培对番茄生育和品质影响,筛选出较好番茄生长的基质类型。[方法]以岩棉基质、复合基质(草炭:珍珠岩的体积比1∶1)及椰糠基质为处理,通过测定番茄的株高、茎粗、叶片数,叶片叶绿素含量(SPAD)和气孔导度,及果实品质和产量等,分析了有机发酵液灌溉下3种不同栽培基质对番茄生长、品质和产量的影响。[结果]有机发酵液灌溉下,不同基质栽培番茄的生长、品质和产量存在差异。其中,椰糠栽培下番茄的株高、茎粗、叶片数均高于岩棉栽培和复合基质栽培;复合基质栽培的番茄新生叶片扩展速率较快,并且形成功能叶片(完全展开叶片)面积最大;3种基质栽培的番茄叶片叶绿素含量(SPAD)、叶片气孔导度及果实品质差异不明显。以椰糠为栽培基质番茄的产量显著高于岩棉栽培和复合基质栽培,其产量达80 262.00kg·hm^(-2),比岩棉栽培和复合型基质栽培提高了9.26%和12.35%。[结论]灌溉有机发酵液进行番茄无土栽培的,椰糠作为栽培基质相比岩棉和复合型基质更有利于番茄生长和产量形成。
[Objective]The research aimed to study the effect of different substrate culture on the growth and yield of tomato irrigating with organic fermentation liquid,and to select the optimal substrate for better growth of tomato crops.[Methods]Rockwool matrix,composite matrix（peat∶perlite= 1∶1（volume ratio））,and coconut husk substrate were used as different culture media for tomato plants to grow with organic fermentation broth as irrigation liquid.Plant growth parameters,including plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,leaf chlorophyll content（SPAD）,stomata conductance,fruit quality and yield were evaluated to determine the influence of different substrates on the growth of tomato.[Results]With the irrigation of organic fermentation broth,the growth rate,quality and yield of tomato cultivated with different substrates were varying.Among them,the plant height,stem diameter,and number of leaves of tomato with coco cultivation were higher than that of both rockwool and composite substrates.The growth rate of new emerged leave and the area of functional leaf（fully expanded leaf）of tomato cultivated in composite substrate were the greatest.There was no significant difference detected with leaf chlorophyll content（SPAD）,leaf stomatal conductance,and fruit quality of tomato planted in three kinds of substrates.The yield of tomato cultivated with coco peat was significantly higher than that of rockwool and composite substrate with yield at 80 262.00 kg·hm^-2,which was 9.26%and 12.35% higher than that of rockwool and composite substrates,respectively.[Conclusion]Compared to rockwool and composite matrix,coconut bran as cultivation medium was more conducive to growth rate and yield of tomato when irrigated with organic fermentation broth.
作者
庞姝姝
李友丽
赵倩
郭文忠
李海平
李灵芝
Pang Shushu;Li Youli;Zhao Qian;Guo Wenzhong;Li Haiping;Li Lingzhi(College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;, Beijing Research Centre of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China)
出处
《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第5期33-39,共7页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
山西省科技攻关项目(201603D221010-2)
山西农业大学引进人才博士科研启动基金项目(2013YJ23)
山西省研究生联合培养基地人才培养项目(2016JD22)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD05B02)
星火计划(2015GA600005)
关键词
有机发酵液
基质栽培
椰糠
番茄
Organic fermentation broth, Matrix cultivation, Coco peat, Tomato
