摘要
基于塔里木盆地25个气象台站1960—2015年的气温数据,采用线性趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验等方法分析了年、季平均气温、最高气温、最低气温及日较差的时空变化特征。结果表明:56 a来,研究区年平均最高、最低气温在时间变化上呈非对称性增长,年平均最低气温变率为年平均最高气温变率的1.5倍。区域间的变暖幅度大致随纬度差异由北向南递增。不同季节增温幅度亦表现出非对称性,冬季平均气温、最低气温增幅均为全年最高,夏季最低,秋季最高气温增幅最高,夏季最小。四季平均气温的升高主要与最低气温的显著升高关系密切。年平均气温日较差呈显著下降趋势,气候倾向率为-0.19℃/10 a。平均气温和最高气温的气候突变年份基本都发生在1993年前后。
Based on the 1960-2015 temperature data from twenty-five meteorological stations in Tarim Basin, the characteristics of spatiotemporal variations of annual and seasonal mean temperature,maximum temperature,minimum temperature,and daily temperature were analyzed by the linear regression analysis and Mann-Kendall test. The results showed that the annual mean temperature,maximum,and minimum temperatures for the study area asymmetrically increased over the past 56 years. And the change tendency rate of annual mean minimum temperature was 1.5 times warmer than the annual mean maximum temperature. Regional warming roughly increased from north to south with the latitude difference. The extent of warming in different seasons also showed asymmetry. The increases of mean temperature and minimum temperature in winter were more obvious than in the other seasons,whereas the increase in summer was the lowest. The increase of maximum temperature in autumn was the highest in the year,and the lowest was in summer. The increase of the mean temperature in four seasons was closely related to the increase of minimum temperature. The trend of annual temperature was obvious declining. The climatic tendency rate of daily temperature trend was-0.19℃/10 a. The abrupt change of annual mean temperature and maximum temperature was found in 1993.
作者
郑奕
张广兴
刘艳
ZHENG Yi;ZHANG Guangxing;LIU Yan(Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Central-Asia Research Center of Atmosphere Science,Urumqi 830002,China)
出处
《沙漠与绿洲气象》
2018年第2期7-14,共8页
Desert and Oasis Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41375070)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(IDM2016004)共同资助
关键词
非对称性增温
特征分析
日较差
突变
塔里木盆地
asymmetric warming
characteristic analysis
daily temperature range
abrupt change
Tarim Basin
