摘要
随着抗生素在水产养殖业中的普遍应用,细菌耐药性成为环境和食品安全的主要问题。本文旨在通过对天津地区养殖凡纳滨对虾体内细菌的耐药信息进行分析统计,为凡纳滨对虾养殖业的疾病控制和提高水产品安全性提供理论指导。本研究对天津市津南区、汉沽区及西青区等对虾养殖基地取样的凡纳滨对虾进行肠道微生物的分离培养,抗生素药敏实验以及抗生素抗性基因的检测。共获得菌株1 219株,选取其中有代表性的215株菌株进行鉴定,结果显示,所鉴定菌株属于56种不同种属,主要以芽孢杆菌、副溶血性弧菌、葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、席罗弧菌、溶藻弧菌、格氏乳球菌、希瓦氏菌、霍氏肠杆菌、库特氏菌、施氏假单胞菌、荚膜红细菌、液化沙雷氏菌、不动杆菌、假单胞菌、假交替单胞菌及霍乱弧菌等为主。所鉴定菌株的抗生素药敏实验分析结果发现,凡纳滨对虾肠道微生物普遍存在抗生素抗性,其中β-内酰胺类的氨苄西林、糖肽类的杆菌肽、喹诺酮类的罗美沙星和磺胺类的磺胺抗药性最为明显。因此本文进一步对其中耐药种类较多且耐药性较强的82株细菌对四大类抗生素(链霉素类、磺胺类、四环素类和青霉素类)的抗性基因(str A-str B,sul II,sul II,sul III,tet A,tet C,tet G,blao XA-1,bla PSE-1,bla TEM)以及整合子(in T1和in T2)携带情况进行检测。研究结果表明,所检测耐药菌株均携带抗性基因,其中磺胺类抗性基因的检出率最高,可达63%,其次是青霉素类抗性基因,检出率为61.4%,整合子基因平均检出率为42.1%,四环素类相对较少为35.4%,且四环素类只检测出tet A抗性基因,其中67.1%的菌株存在多种耐药基因。
With the widespread use of antibiotics in aquaculture, the bacterial antibiotic resistance has become a main problem in environment and food safety. This paper aims to analyze the statistical information of shrimp intestine bacterial drug resistance in Tianjin area, and to provide theoretical guidance for the shrimp disease control and improving the safety of aquatic products. Shrimp intestine organisms were isolated and cultured, then the bacterial antibiotic resistance and the antibiotic resistance genes（ARGs） of cultured Litopenaeus vannamei were determined in the breeding base of Jinnan, Hangu and Xiqing districts of Tianjin city. Among the total isolated 1 219 strains, 215 strains were identified, and were classified into 56 different species, mainly Bacillus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, V. Xiluo, V. alginolyticus, Shewanella sp., Enterobacter hormaechei, Kurthia sp., Pseudomonas stutzeri, Rhodobacter capsulatus, Serratia liquefaciens, Acinetobacter sp.,Pseudomonas, Pseudoalteromonas whanghaensis, V. cholerae. 215 strains were selected to analyze the antibiotics sensitivity. The experiment results showed that the antibiotic resistance of the intestinal bacterias was universal, especially to the beta lactam ampicillin, bacitracin glycopeptide, quinolones of lomefloxaxin and sulfonamides resistance. Therefore, four main kinds of antibiotic resistance gene（streptomycin： str A-str B, sulfonamides Sul I, Sul II,Sul III, tetracyclines： Tet A, Tet C, Tet G, penicillin： blao XA-1, bla PSE-1, bla TEM） and integron（in T1 and in T2） of82 strains with crossed antibiotic resistance were further determined. The results showed that all of the drug-resistant strains were detected with antibiotic resistance genes positive. The positive rate of resistance genes of sulfonamides, penicillin and tetracycline was 63%, 61.4% and 35.4%, respectively. And only tet A was detected in tetracycline resistance genes. The positive rate of integron gene was 42.1%. Among them, 67.1% of the strains had multiple resistance genes.
作者
左志晗
李艳红
邵迎春
耿绪云
董学旺
孙金生
ZUO Zhihan;LI Yanhong;SHAO Yingchun;GENG Xuyun;DONG Xuewang;SUN Jinsheng(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;Tianjin Center for Control and Provention of Aquatic Animal lnfeetious Disease, Tianjin 300221, China)
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期797-807,共11页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划(2012AA092205,2012AA10A401)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB114405)
天津市人才发展特殊支持计划高层次创新创业团队项目(06202-52K16001)
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
肠道微生物
分离鉴定
抗性基因
Litopenaeus vannamei
intestine microorganism
isolation and identification
antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs）
