摘要
张之洞是晚清洋务派代表人物,同时师从鸿儒、8岁即读完四书五经,勤于治学,可谓集文治武功与文章学术集于一身,在中国经学史上占有特殊的地位。自汉代经学兴起以来,主要区分为古文经学派与今文经学派。两派壁垒森严,互相攻讦,今古文之争绵延数千年。张之洞强调治经"以汉学为本",从"文字训诂入手"精研经书。自宋代始,理学立为正统学说,传统学术的重心转入对人心、人性、人欲的主观世界的探究,使儒学由孔、孟时代的伦理政治学演变成道德哲学,明清逐渐走向空疏清谈。张之洞以汉学为宗,一贯反对空疏清谈而尊承孔儒"经世"之传统,主张"通经明理致用"。通经明理致用最终"归于有用",这种思想与张之洞尊承汉学"经世"之传统并行不悖。
Zhang Zhidong was a representative figures of Westernization School in the late Qing Dynasty,taught by the learned,finished reading the Four Books and the Five Classic,diligent in learning,and gather together in himself the martial arts,versed in literature,military affairs,essay writing and research,possessing a special position in the history of classics. Since the uprising of the Classics in the Han Dynasty,there hab been mainly the Classical School of Thought and the Present School of Thought,both fortified and attaching each other,disputing for thousands of years. Zhang Zhidong emphasized ＂taking sinology as the basic＂,making confined study of classic book ＂starting from text exegesis＂. Since the beginning of the Song Dynasty,Neo-Confucianism was made as orthodox theory,the traditional academy shift the center of gravity to the exploration of such worldviews as human heart,human nature and human desire,making Confucianism evolved from the Ethical politics in Kong-Meng times to the moral philosophy,thus leading the Ming and Qing Dynasties to emptiness and shallowness. Zhang Zhidong took the Han school of classical philology as ancestor,respectfully inherited Confucius tradition as constantly opposing emptiness and shallowness. He also advocated mastering classics,understanding reasons and applying to practice,which finally reaches ＂being useful＂.
作者
文丹
WEN Dan(Guiyang Vocational Technology Institute, Guiyang, Guizhou, 55000)
出处
《教育文化论坛》
2018年第2期135-138,共4页
Tribune of Education Culture
关键词
四书五经
通经明理致用
汉代经学
The Four Books and The Five Classics
mastering classics
understanding reasons and applying to practice
Classics in the Han Dynasty
