摘要
本文通过对郑州商城遗址2009~2010年度考古发掘采集土样的浮选分析,获取了较为丰富的炭化植物遗存,其中包括粟、黍、水稻、小麦四类农作物遗存、部分禾本科杂草种子及少量豆科、藜属、蓼属、水棘针、苍耳、葡萄属、桃核等植物遗存。量化分析结果显示,农作物遗存在各类炭化遗存中占有主体地位,其中又以粟的出土概率和绝对数量为最高,水稻、小麦次之,黍最少。这一结果表明,在以郑州商城遗址为代表的商代二里岗文化时期,中原地区已经形成了较为稳定的农业经济,其中粟种植为主,水稻、小麦、黍种植为辅是该农业经济的主要特征。此外,实验结果还表明,二里岗文化时期郑州商城先民同时还存在对桃属、葡萄属等可食用果类的利用。
We used flotation to separate out plant remains from the soil samples collected during the2009-2010 excavations at the Shang city site in Zhengzhou. Experimental results show that carbonized crop seeds from foxtail millet（Setaria italica）, broomcorn millet（Panicum miliaceum）, wheat（Triticum aestivum） and rice（Oryza sativa） were dominant among all recovered charred plant remains. In addition,there were also some other charred plant remains from Gramineae, Leguminosae, Chenopodium sp., Vitis sp., Amygdalus sp., and so on. Statistical analysis shows that the amount of foxtail millet was highest,followed by rice, wheat and broomcorn millet. This result indicates a multi-crop agricultural system had been established in the Zhengzhou area during the early Shang Dynasty, a system dominated by foxtail millet and supplemented with rice, wheat and other crops. At the same time, edible fruits such as Vitis sp. and Amygdalus sp. were also exploited by Erligang period Shang city residents. As the capital of the early Shang Dynasty, the Zhengzhou Shang City site is important to Chinese archaeological research.Charred plant remains from this site can provide significant information for studying the agricultural development and crop structure in central China during the early period of Chinese civilization.
作者
贾世杰
张娟
杨玉璋
程至杰
张居中
贾连敏
曾晓敏
蔡丹(校)
Jia Shijie, Zhang Juan, Yang Yuzhang, Cheng Zhijie, Zhang Juzhong, Jia Lianmin, Zeng Xiaomin(Hefei, Anhui 230026） （Haikou, Hainan 570203） （Zhengzhou, Henan 450000)
出处
《江汉考古》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期97-103,114,共8页
Jianghan Archaeology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41472148、41272186、41772172)
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973项目)(2015CB953802)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(15YJA780003)
中国博士后科学基金(2016M602025)共同资助
关键词
郑州商城
二里岗文化
浮选
炭化植物遗存
稻旱混作
Zhengzhou Shang capital
flotation separation
charred plant remains
rice and dry landmixed agriculture
